Scandinavian influence on Southern Lowland Scotch: A contribution to the study of the linguistic relations of English and ScandinavianFlom, George T. (George Tobias)
History
Scandinavian influence on Southern Lowland Scotch: A contribution to the study of the linguistic relations of English and Scandinavian
Flom, George T. (George Tobias)
Scots language; Scots language -- Foreign words and phrases -- Scandinavian
O.N. _t_ regularly remains _t_.
_t_ > _tch_ in _scratch_.
Seems to have become _d_ in _cadie_ (O.N. _kátr_), but
Dan. _kådh_ may be the source.
An epenthetic _t_ after _n_ appears in _eident_.
_k_.
O.N. _k_ regularly remains _k_.
_k_ > _ch_ finally in _screch_. Cp. also _laiching_.
O.N. _ks_ (_x_) > _ss_ in _assletooth_, _wissle_.
On O.N. _sk_, see _s_.
_v_.
O.N. _v_ regularly becomes _w_: _welter_, _witter_,
_ware_, _werr_, _wicht_, etc.
O.N. _v_ is represented by _v_ in _vath_, _vittirly_,
_vyndland_, all in Bruce.
An epenthetic _v_ appears after _o_ (_u_) in _crove_,
_rove_, _unrufe_.
_ð_, _þ_
O.N. _ð_, _þ_ quite regularly > _th_: _baith_,
_bletherb_, _raith_, _buith_, _degraith_, _firth_,
_garth_, _graith_, _ithand_, _lythe_, _mythe_,
_hething_, _harth_, _grith_, _gyrth_, _waith_,
_vath_, _sleuth_, _tath_, _skaith_, _wandreth_, etc.
O.N. _ð_ > _d_ medially and finally in _eident_,
_ydlanlie_, _heid_, _red_, _duds_, _stud_.
O.N. _ð_ is lost in _mauch_.
O.N. _þ_ initially remains in _thrist_, _thra_, _thraif_,
_tha_, _thir_, _thwaite_, _wan-threvin_.
_þ_ > _t_ in _tytt_, _tangle_.
_f._
O.N. _f_ initially always remains.
Medially and finally _f_ remains in _cloff_, _nefe_,
_lufe_, _laif._
Medially and finally _f_ > _v_ in: _nieve_, _nevin_,
_rive_, _lave_, _crave_.
O.N. _f_ > _th_ in _scarth_ (O.N. _skarfr_).
An epenthetic _f_ appears in _unrufe_ (_v?_).
_s._
O.N. _s_ regularly remains _s_.
_s_ > _ch_ in _chyngill_ (?).
_sk._
O.N. _sk_ = _sk_ initially medially and finally: _skar_,
_sker_, _skewit_, _skill_, _skugg_, _skrech_,
_skant_, _scait_, _scool_, _scratch_, _scarth_,
_skait_, _skail_, _scud_, _scudler_, _script_,
_skyle_, _skeigh_, _busk_, _bask_ (dry), _harsk_,
_harskness_, _forjeskit_, _mensk_(?).
O.N. _sk_ > _sh_ finally in _dash_ (?).
_sk_ > _sh_ before a guttural vowel in _shacklet_ (?),
and _schore_ (?).
O.N. _sk_ before _i_ (_ī_) > _sh_ in _shiel_.
Cp. _skyle_ above.
_sk_ > _s_ finally in _mense_.
_h_.
O.N. _h_ initially before vowels remains, except in
_aweband_.
O.N. _h_ initially before _r_, _l_, _n_, is lost: _rad_,
_rangale_, _ruse_, _lack_, _loup_, _nieve_, etc.
O.N. _ht_ remains, is not assimilated to _tt_, e.g.,
_sacht_, _unsaucht_.
An inorganic _h_ initially appears in _hendir_,
_hugsum_.
_hv_.
O.N. _hv_ regularly > _qu_, _quh_: _quhelm_, _quey_.
_m_, _n_, _l_, _r_.
O.N. _m_ regularly remains.
_m_ before _t_ > _n_ in _skant_, _skantlin_.
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