[123] “Epscop fina” in the sea-laws, _i.e._, “a vessel for measuring wine used by the merchants of the Norsemen and the Franks.” See _Sanas Cormaic_ (_Cormac’s Glossary_) compiled c. A.D. 900. (_Anecdota from Irish Manuscripts_ IV., ed. Kuno Meyer.) [124] Cf. O’Curry: _Manners and Customs of the Ancient Irish_, II., p. 125. For a transcript of the poem see A. Bugge: _Vesterlandenes Indflydelse paa Nordboernes i Vikingetiden_, p. 183. [125] Cf. _Laxdaela Saga_, ch. 21. [126] According to an ancient poem on the great fair of Carman (Co. Kildare) foreign merchants visited this fair and sold there “articles of gold and silver, ornaments and beautiful clothes.” For other references see Joyce: _A Social History of Ancient Ireland_, Vol. II., pp. 429-431; O’Curry: _Manners and Customs of the Ancient Irish_, III., p. 531. [127] _War of the Gaedhil with the Gaill_, p. 115. [128] _Saga Óláfs Tryggvasonar_ (_Heimskringla_), ch. 51. [129] _Gunnlaugs Saga Ormstungu_, ch. 8. [130] _Eyrbyggia Saga_, ch. 29. [131] _Ib._, ch. 64. [132] _Ib._, ch. 50. [133] _Landnámabók_, II., ch. 21, etc. [134] _War of the Gaedhil with the Gaill_, p. 79. [135] _Kristni Saga_, ch. 3. [136] _War of the Gaedhil with the Gaill_, p. 79. [137] _The Book of Rights_ (Leabhar na gCeart), pp. 87, 181. Ed. J. O’Donovan. [138] _Liber Eliensis_, (ed. Gale) I., ch. XLII. [139] _Keating: History of Ireland_, III., p. 271. (Ed. Dinneen). Keating probably derived his information from Giraldus Cambrensis: _Topographia Hibernica_, D. III., ch. LIII. [140] _Expugnatio Hibernica_, I., ch. XVIII. [141] _De Vita S. Wulstani_, II., 20. (See Cunningham: _Growth of English Industry and Commerce_, I., p. 86.) [142] Giraldus Cambrensis: _Topographia Hibernica_, I., ch. VI. [143] A. Bugge: _Contributions to the History of the Norsemen in Ireland_, Part III. [144] Giraldus Cambrensis: _Expugnatio Hibernica_, I., ch. III. [145] A. Bugge: _Vesterlandenes Indflydelse paa Nordboernes i Vikingetiden_, pp. 300-304. [146] G. Coffey, _op. cit._, p. 91. [147] _Ib._, p. 89. [148] Duald Mac Firbis: _On the Fomorians and the Norsemen_ (ed. A. Bugge), p. 11. CHAPTER V. SHIPBUILDING AND SEAFARING.