The similarity attached to the idea in the symbolism of the sphinx, causes the close student of Egyptology to see, that the scarab and the sphinx represent similar ideas. The Great Sphinx of Gizeh near the Great Pyramids, is an image of Ra-Harmakhis or, "Horus in the two horizons," (the rising and the setting sun;) one of the names of the sphinx is _seshep_ (i.e., to make the light.) The sphinx is said to be, an emblem of energy and force united to intellect, it is one of the very earliest of the Ancient Egyptian emblems, that of Gizeh was old and needing repairs when the Pyramids were being built; (_circa_ 3733 B.C.) That abstraction does not appear to me, to be beyond the philosophy of the archaic Egyptians. The head of the Great Sphinx signified the _Khu_, or intellectual part of the soul, in their psychology; and the lion-shaped body, signified force, vitality or energy, the life principle or _Ka_.[69] The promise of the resurrection of the soul was symbolized, by the Great Sphinx of Gizeh, old at the beginning of the Ancient Empire; by the Phœnix, and by the Scarab, the antiquity of the symbolism of which no Egyptologist has yet fathomed. We have it set forth in writing on the inscriptions of the earliest Dynasties.[70] On a stele found between the paws of the Great Sphinx of Gizeh is: "The majesty of this beautiful god speaks by its own mouth, as a father speaks to his child, saying: Look to me, let thine eye rest on me, my son Thutmes! I, thy father, Harmakhu-Khepra-Ra-Tum, I give thee the kingdom." This monarch was Thutmes IVth (1533 B.C.)[71] In the interior of the pyramid of Mer-en-Ra (or Mirinri Ist,) 3200 B.C., was inscribed on the walls: "And they installing this _Mihtimsaouf Mirini_ upon their thrones at the head of the divine Nine, mistress of Ra, it who has its dwelling fixed, because they cause that _Mihtimsaouf Mirini_ may be as _Ra, in its name of the Scarabæus_, and thou hast entered as to thyself as Ra," etc.[72] "Salutation to thee Tumu,[73] salutation to thee, Scarabæus-god, who art thyself; thou who liftest up, in that holding thy name of lifter up ('from the earth,' 'the stairway,' or 'stairs,') and who art (Khopiru) in this, holding the name of the Scarabæus-god (Khopiru)! Salutation to thee Eye of Horus, whom it has furnished with its two creating hands (Tumuï,)" etc.[74] Chapter XVII., line 75, of the Book of the Dead, reads: "O Khepra in its boat! the society of the gods is its body, in other words, it is Eternity." Chapter XXIV., lines 1, 2, say: "I am Khepra who gives to itself a form on high, from the thigh of its mother, making a wolf-dog, for those who are in the celestial abyss, and the phœnix, for those who are among the divine chiefs." That is, as Harmakhis.