Schools of Gaul in the last century of the Western Empire : $b A study of pagan and Christian education in the last century of the Western empireHaarhoff, T. J. (Theodore Johannes)
History
Schools of Gaul in the last century of the Western Empire : $b A study of pagan and Christian education in the last century of the Western empire
Haarhoff, T. J. (Theodore Johannes)
Education, Ancient -- France; Gaul -- History -- 58 B.C.-511 A.D.
This story is a fable and an afterthought, but it is significant of the
sort of culture that later people conceived of as having existed among
the ancient Gauls. Long before the days of Roman rule the elder Cato
had testified to the trend of their genius in the well-known words:
‘Pleraque Gallia duas res industriosissima persequitur, rem militarem
et argute loqui’,[66] and it is quite certain that Mercury (and before
the Romans his Celtic counterpart) was actually and almost universally
worshipped in Gaul. ‘Galli’, says Caesar,[67] ‘Deum maxime Mercurium
colunt’, a statement which is abundantly supported by the inscriptions.
An inscription at Chalon-sur-Saône shows the figure of Mercury with his
three favourite animals, a cock, a tortoise, a goat, and the words ‘Deo
Mercurio Augu ... Sacro’,[68] while at Lyons there were three altars
with the words ‘Mercurio Augusto et Maiae Augustae’. An inscription of
Poitiers, which is as late as the third century, is dedicated to ‘the
god Mercurius’.[69] Even in the barbarous North there is a large number
of inscriptions referring to Mercury, especially around Trèves.[70] The
worship of Minerva, too, is established by many inscriptions, e.g. the
twenty on bowls and cups found at Andecavi in Lugdunensis.[71]
Thus the Gauls singled out for special worship the subtlest and cleverest
of the gods,[72] and the fact may be connected with their undoubted
culture in early times. Out of the darkness in which pre-Roman Gaul
is shrouded we gather hints here and there concerning the first known
teachers of the Gallic Celts, the Druids. One or two points may be
noticed.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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