Schools of Gaul in the last century of the Western Empire : $b A study of pagan and Christian education in the last century of the Western empireHaarhoff, T. J. (Theodore Johannes)
History
Schools of Gaul in the last century of the Western Empire : $b A study of pagan and Christian education in the last century of the Western empire
Haarhoff, T. J. (Theodore Johannes)
Education, Ancient -- France; Gaul -- History -- 58 B.C.-511 A.D.
We must, however, be careful how we interpret ‘historia’. It was an
elastic term. In the _Technopaegnion_, for example, Ausonius has a
piece ‘de historiis’,[1191] but the subject-matter is almost entirely
in the shadowy realm of mythology—the ‘history’ of Narcissus, Juno, and
Philomela; and when the grammarians Crispus and Urbicus are said to be
‘callentes mython plasmata et historiam’, we feel that the juxtaposition
of the two subjects is significant. ‘History’, Quintilian had said,
‘is akin to the poets, a sort of prose poetry.’[1192] The interest in
the actual facts of history and their meaning is small. A teacher
like Ausonius takes very little notice of contemporary events. He
refers vaguely to ‘tempora tyrannica’,[1193] and to the residence of
Constantine’s brothers at Toulouse.[1194] But of all those contemporary
events which we should have expected a man in Ausonius’s position to
mention, the declaration as emperor in Gaul of the German Magnentius
(350), the campaigns of Julian against the invading Franks (357-8), the
crossing of Maximus to Gaul after having been declared emperor in Britain
(383), and the affair of Arbogast and Eugenius (392)—these and many other
contemporary events of importance do not appear in the pages of Ausonius.
If mythology was a danger for history on the one side, there was
antiquity on the other. In the former the tendency was to wander
away from facts altogether, in the latter there was a temptation to
concentrate on bare facts too much. The historical facts which Sidonius
sometimes enumerates sound very much like an inventory.[1195] Staphylius,
who is noted for his knowledge of history, was steeped in the six
hundred volumes of Varro,[1196] and the antiquarian Victorius dug deep
into the musty documents of antiquity, spending on unexplored fields a
keen intellect and a tenacious memory.[1197] Ausonius remarks that this
meticulous encyclopaedism had made Staphylius neglect Cicero and Vergil,
et quidquid Latia conditur historia.[1198]
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