[5] ‘An ego nunc receptas virtute tua Gallias, barbariam omnem subactam, pergam quasi nova et inaudita memorare? Quae in hac Romani imperii parte gloriosissima sint famae laude celebrata....’ _Pan. Lat._ iii. 3. Baehrens reads _sint_, though the indicative would seem more natural. [6] Ibid., § 7. [7] Ibid., § 4. [8] ‘Tu, tu, inquam, maxime imperator ... extincta iam litterarum studia flammasti, tu philosophiam paulo ante suspectam ... non modo iudicio liberasti sed amictam purpura, auro gemmisque redimitam in regali solio conlocasti.’ Ibid., § 23. [9] The phrase is Freeman’s. Syagrius fled to Toulouse after the battle of Soissons (486). But he was pursued by Alaric II, whose protégé he had been, and handed over in chains to the victorious Franks. Greg. Tur., _Historia Frankorum_, ii. 27. [10] Jullian, ‘Les Premières Universités Françaises’, _Rev. internat. de l’Enseignement_, 1893. [11] Freeman, _Historical Essays_, vii. 164. [12] Ammianus, xv. 9. 7 (ed. Gardthausen). Cf. Plut. _Solon_, ii. 15; Pausan. x. 8. 6 (ed. Dübner). So Isidore of Seville, Migne, _Patr. Lat._ lxxxii. 537. Cf. Mela, ii. 77. [13] Athen. xiii. 576a (ed. Kaibel). [14] Lucan, _Phars._ ii. 298; v. 53 (Phocis), as against the majority, e.g. Strabo, iv. 1. 5 (Phocaea). [15] Thuc. i. 13. 6; Seneca, _Ad Hel._ vii. 8; Silius Ital. xv. 168 ff.; Jerome, Praef. Lib. II, _Ep. ad Galat._, &c. [16] Head, _Historia Numorum_ (1911), p. 7. [17] _Pro Fonteio_, 15. 34 ‘Urbs Massilia ... fortissimorum fidelissimorumque sociorum’. Cf. Phil. viii. 6. 18, 19 for a glowing tribute to Massilia’s friendship. [18] Strabo, iv. 4. 5 τὴν πρὸς Ῥωμαίους φιλίαν, ἦς πολλὰ ἄν τις λάβοι σημεῖα. [19] Ammianus, xv. 11. 14. Cf. Justinus (following Trogus), _Hist._ xliii. 4 ff. (ed. Benecke), on the traditional friendship of Massilia with Rome at the time of the battle of the Allia. [20] Liv. xxi. 20, 25, 26; Polyb. iii. 95. [21] Caesar, _Bellum Civile_, i. 34. Cf. Dio Cassius (ed. Boissevain), xli. 19; _Paneg. Lat._ (ed. G. Baehrens), vi. 19, 3; Orosius, vi. 15. 6, 7 (ed. Zangemeister). [22] Caesar, _Bell. Civ._ ii. 22; Dio Cassius, _l.c._ [23] Jullian, _Hist. de la Gaule_, i. 216, 217, 407. [24] Justin, xliii. 5. 2; Thuc. i. 13. 6. [25] Desjardins, _Géograph. hist. de la Gaule Romaine_, ii. 148. [26] Strabo, iii. 2. 9 τὸν δὲ κασσίτερον ... καὶ ἐκ τῶν Βρεταννικῶν δὲ εἰς τὴν Μασσαλίαν κομίζεσθαι. [27] ‘De Lapidibus’ in Bouquet’s _Recueil des Hist._, p. 654. [28] Plin. _Nat. Hist._ xviii. 7. 12. [29] Mela, iii. 2. 17. [30] _Pro L. Flacco_, 26. 63 ‘Neque vero te, Massilia, praetereo ... cuius ego civitatis disciplinam atque gravitatem non solum Graeciae, sed haud scio an cunctis gentibus anteponendam iure dicam’. The Rhodians in Livy (xxxvii. 54) say that they have heard that the Romans respect and honour the Massilians as much as though they were the centre of Greek culture (_umbilicum Graeciae_). [31] Cf. Strabo, iv. 1. 5.