[111] His use of _quia_ and _quod_ instead of the infinitive construction; abstract for concrete nouns; the growing importance of prepositions; peculiar words like _fatigatio_ (banter), _eventilare_ (search through), _humanitas_ (hospitality). See Dalton’s preface to his translation of Sidonius, and Baret’s introduction to his edition (pp. 106 ff.). [112] Comment. in _Ep. ad Galat._ Migne, _Pat. Lat._ xxvi. 357. [113] _Historical Essays_, Series III, pp. 74 ff. [114] _Hist. de la France_, I. iii. 388. [115] _Revue celtique_, 1870-2, p. 179. [116] _Gaule romaine_, p. 129. [117] Freeman, _Western Europe in the Fifth Century_, p. 143. [118] e.g. _lox_ (_la ruche_), hive; _alauda_, Fr. _alouette_; _carrum_, Fr. _char_; *_cambitâ_, Fr. _jante_ (felly) (Körting, _Lat.-roman. Wörterb._, 1778); _betullus_, O.F. _booul_, M.F. _bouleau_ (birch); _braca_, M.F. _braie_; _camisia_, M.F. _chemise_; _landâ_, Fr. _lande_ (Körting, _op. cit._, 5419); probably _jambe_ and _javelot_. See Schwan-Behrens, _Grammaire de l’Ancien Français_, p. 5. Paris, Fischbacher, 1913. [119] _C. I. L._ xiii. 2638. [120] Pirson, _La Langue des Inscriptions lat. de la Gaule_, p. 237. [121] _Romanische Landschaften_, p. 272. [122] Gröber, _Grundriss der roman. Philol._, i. 383. [123] Lavisse, _Histoire de France_, ii. 1. 2, p. 59. [124] Gothofredus, _C. Th._ ix. 23. 1, refers to a law by which ‘in Gallia vetita auri et argenti extra regnum exportatio’. So _C. Th._ vii. 16. 3 ‘Ne merces illicitae ad nationes barbaras deferantur’. ‘Merces illicitae’ are defined by Gothofredus as ‘vinum, oleum, liquamen (lye), ferrum, frumentum, sales, cos’ (mill-stone). [125] _Pan. Lat._ vi. 6 ‘Ut in desertis Galliae regionibus collocatae (nationes) et pacem Romani imperii cultu (agriculture) iuvarent et arma dilectu’. Cf. viii. 9 ‘Arat ergo nunc mihi Chamavus et Frisius’. [126] Gröber, _Grundriss der romanischen Philologie_, p. 383 (article by F. Kluge. A certain allowance must be made for nationalist bias). [127] H. Paul, _Grundriss der germanischen Philologie_, i. 328 ff. [128] _De Bissula_, iii. [129] _Cod. Theod._ iii. 14. 1, ed. Mommsen and Meyer. [130] _Histoire de France_, ii. 1. 2, p. 59. Cf. Süpfle, _Gesch. des deutschen Cultureinflusses auf Frankreich_, i. 1. 1. [131] Oros. vii. 32, quoted Bury-Gibbon, iii. 350 _n._ [132] Cf. Fauriel, i. 541. [133] ‘Id tu Brute iam intelliges, quum in Galliam veneris: audies tu quidem etiam verba quaedam non trita Romae, sed haec mutari dediscique possunt’, Cic. _Brutus_, 171. [134] ‘Tantum increbruit multitudo desidiosorum ut, nisi vel paucissimi quique meram linguae Latiaris proprietatem de trivialium barbarismarum robigine vindicaveritis, eam brevi abolitam defleamus interemptamque’, Sid. _Ep._ ii. 10. 1. [135] _Ep._ iv. 17. 2.