[136] e.g. _Franko_ (Fr. _franc_), _Alaman_ (O.F. _Aleman_), &c.; _sturm_, O.F. _estour_; _wahta_, O.F. _guaite_ (watch); _helm_, &c.; _siniskalk_, Fr. _sénéchal_; _marahskalk_, Fr. _maréchal_; _alod_, O.F. _aleu_ (freehold); _sparwâri_, O.F. _esparvier_; _haring_, Fr. _hareng_; _wald_, O.F. _gualt_; *_hapja_, Fr. _hache_ (hatchet); _want_, Fr. _gant_ (glove); _bald_, O.F. _balt_; _spëhon_, O.F. _espier_, &c. _Affre_ < Old Low Frank. _aibhor_ (Körting, _op. cit._, 384); _hâte_ (Eng. _haste_), Germ. *_haist-_ (Körting, 4459); _guise_ (Eng. _wise_), Germ. _wīsa_ (Körting, 10403); _orgueil_, Germ. _urgōlī_ (Körting, 9914). Schwan-Behrens, _op. cit._, p. 6. For the traces of Germanic in inscriptions see Pirson, _op. cit._, p. 236. [137] Sidon. _Ep._ i. 2. 1. [138] _Ep._ i. 2. 6. [139] Ibid. [140] _Ep._ ii. 1. 2. [141] _Ep._ iv. 17. [142] _Ep._ i. 2. 5 (§ 8). [143] Ennod., _Script. Eccles. Lat._, p. 353. [144] The acts and decrees of the Visigothic and Burgundian kings were in Latin, and they chose their secretaries from the Latin rhetoricians and poets. Sidonius speaks of documents drawn up by himself for the Gothic king (_Ep._ viii. 3). Thus the star of rhetoricians and grammarians rose high at the court of Theodoric. [145] Cf. _Camb. Mediaev. Hist._, p. 291. [146] Cf. Fauriel, _Hist. de la Gaule mérid._, i. 466. [147] _Ep._ ii. 5; viii. 1. [148] Sid. _Ep._ v. 7. [149] Paulin. _Euchar._, verse 304. [150] Paulin. _Euchar._, verses 289, 290. [151] _Vide_ 306: Cum iam in republica nostra cernamus plures Gothico florere favore, tristia quaeque tamen perpessis antea multis, pars ego magna fui quorum.... and cf. 311 ff. [152] _Paulin de Pella_, p. xxiii. [153] Cf. Sidon. _Ep._ v. 14. [154] Fauriel, _op. cit._, i. 559. [155] ‘Ut ... populos Galliarum ... teneamus ex fide etsi non tenemus foedere’, _Ep._ vii. 6. 10. [156] Gröber, _Grundriss der röm. Phil._, i. 387. In order to indicate the nature of the barbarous Gothic with which he is surrounded, the poet contemptuously quotes some Gothic that came into his mind. The interpretation is not certain. Massmann (_Zeitsch. f. d. Altertum_, i. 379 ff.) suggests ‘Hail! provide us with meat and drink’. In any case, their language is incompatible with Latin poetry. [157] Ex hoc barbaricis abacta plectris spernit senipedem stilum Thalia ex quo septipedes videt patronos.—_Carm._ xii. [158] _Ep._ vii. 14. 10. [159] _Ep. ad Diversos_, lvii (ed. Peiper). [160] i. 44. [161] Cf. Boissier, _La Fin du Paganisme_, ii. 59 ff.; Fauriel, _Hist._ i. 440. [162] Tac. _An._ xi. 24; Dessau, _Inscrip. Lat. Sel._ i. 212. [163] Ammian. xv. 11. 5 ‘Aquitani ... facile in dicionem venere Romanam’. [164] Even the inscriptions give no help, for they are drawn up in formal phrases. [165] Cf. Lavisse, _Hist. de France_, i. 3. 338. [166] Tac. _Hist._ iv. 55-9. [167] _Historical Essays_, iii. 80. [168] iv. 4. 2.