Schools of Gaul in the last century of the Western Empire : $b A study of pagan and Christian education in the last century of the Western empireHaarhoff, T. J. (Theodore Johannes)
History
Schools of Gaul in the last century of the Western Empire : $b A study of pagan and Christian education in the last century of the Western empire
Haarhoff, T. J. (Theodore Johannes)
Education, Ancient -- France; Gaul -- History -- 58 B.C.-511 A.D.
Moreover, any special event produced a holiday. At Antioch any festive
occasions, funerals,[677] or civil commotions,[678] served to close the
schoolrooms. On the occasion of the marriage of Ricimer with the daughter
of Anthemius, the schools of Gaul enjoyed a holiday.[679] Apparently the
length of the holiday was not controlled by organized rules, and this
time it lasted so long that even Sidonius protested.[680] ‘_Tandem_’, he
says, ‘reditum est in publicam serietatem, quae rebus actitandis ianuam
campumque patefecit.’
It is interesting to find signs of a common life among the students,
the beginnings of a residential university. Aulus Gellius claims the
authority of Pythagoras for this mode of life. ‘Here is another point
we must not omit: all the students of Pythagoras, as soon as they had
been admitted into that “corps” of his, pooled all their possessions,
slaves, or money, and so a close and lasting society was formed.’[681]
Suetonius tells of one C. Albucius Silus of Novaria (Cisalpine Gaul)
who came to Rome and was received into the ‘contubernium’ of Plancus,
the orator, i.e. lived under the same roof, became a ‘convictor’ with
him.[682] ‘You can enjoy the possession of no good thing’, Seneca says,
‘without some one to share it.’ You will gain more by talking and living
with (_convictus_) people than from set speeches. Cleanthes could never
have interpreted the philosophy of Zeno if he had merely attended his
lectures. But he lived with him, examined his private life, and watched
him to see if he practised what he preached.[683] Similarly, Plato and
Aristotle and the rest learned more from the conduct than the words of
Socrates, and ‘Metrodorus, Hermarchus, and Polyaenus were made great not
by the school of Epicurus, but by living with him (_contubernium_).’
Gellius gives many examples of this sort of literary fellowship. While
master and students dined together, one of the servitors would read
some passage from a Greek or Latin author, and if a difficulty arose
the master explained. So at the table of Favorinus ‘servus assistens
mensae eius legere inceptabat....’ and a discussion was introduced by
the philosopher on the word ‘parcus’.[684] Literary criticism was the
favourite thing, as when the _Bucolics_ of Vergil and Theocritus were
read together at a dinner, and it was noticed that Vergil had left alone
passages which contained the peculiar Greek sweetness but could not and
should not be translated.[685]
We have no direct data for supposing that this system was followed in
Gaul in our period; but the Favorinus mentioned in Gellius came from
Arles, and there appear to have been ‘contubernia’ in Massilia.[686]
Moreover, the ‘Platonic clubs’ of Sidonius and the general social temper
of the Bordeaux professors make it likely that something of the kind was
found at the Gallic universities.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account