III. FROM COLLEGE TO MISSION FIELD 28 IV. IN TOUCH WITH THE BRAHMINS 48 V. AMID WAR’S ALARMS 58 VI. A GLIMPSE OF THE MAN HIMSELF 68 VII. WAYSIDE WORK 79 VIII. IN FIRST TOUCH WITH TANJORE 90 IX. AS PEACEMAKER WITH HYDER ALI 103 X. THE STRAIN BEGINS TO TELL 117 XI. TULJAJEE AND SERFOGEE 127 XII. RESPONSIBILITIES AND PATIENCE 140 XIII. A NOBLE DEFENCE OF MISSIONS 149 XIV. THE SHADOWS LENGTHEN 164 XV. THE HOME GOING 172 XVI. THE MEMORY OF THE JUST 183 INDEX 201 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. CHRISTIAN FREDERICK SCHWARTZ. (From a painting in the possession of the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge) _Frontispiece_ BARTHOLOMEW ZIEGENBALG. (From an old engraving) _Facing page_ 16 NEW JERUSALEM CHURCH, TRANQUEBAR ” ” 24 MAP OF INDIA TO ILLUSTRATE THE LIFE OF SCHWARTZ ” ” 32 SCHWARTZ’ HOUSE AT TRICHINOPOLY ” ” 80 ST. MARY’S CHURCH, FORT ST. GEORGE ” ” 96 SCHWARTZ’ PULPIT, CHRIST CHURCH, TANJORE ” ” 128 SERFOGEE RAJAH’S MONUMENT TO SCHWARTZ ” ” 184 CHAPTER I. HOW CHRISTIANITY CAME TO INDIA. Everything is old in the Orient. We of the West, who talk of a thousand years past as a long time ago, realise a little as we travel thither, amid relics of a prehistoric age, how young is our own world when for the first time we stand on pathways which reach back to the very daybreak on the horizon of human life. With a child’s wonder turning the faded parchments of some ancient book or stepping reverently and softly among the resting-places of the dead, we feel the past calling to us from behind the veil of the present, and we cannot escape the impression; we would not if we could. The spell of its mystery, its spaces of silence, the hush of living millions now stilled for ever fill us with awe, as with finger on lip we peer wistfully down the vista of uncounted years. It is the demand, the insistence of past history which we cannot afford to ignore, for without its interpretation we shall never understand to-day. This is specially true of India. Her ancient temples, carved by the thin dark fingers of a time when Europe was in the cradle of its civilization, these shadowy figures of to-day with glistening white teeth and lustrous jet eyes, flitting in light raiment under the fronded palms, keeping up ancestral customs and living as their fathers did a thousand years ago, make an indelible impression. And at the back of all this there is a haunting sense of a far off time when this same glare of sunshine shone upon the same rushing rivers and wide dry plains, and voices, so like those