Scientific American, September 29, 1883 Supplement. No. 404Various
Science
Scientific American, September 29, 1883 Supplement. No. 404
Various
Science -- Periodicals
Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4 represent a house at Buffalo belonging to the New
York and Lackawanna Railroad Company, constructed of bricks and having
a frontage of 90 feet. Between the openings in the latter there are
pillars of dressed stone and cast iron columns. The building is four
stories high, and the outer walls are 1 foot in thickness.
During the month of June, 1882, this structure was raised all in
one piece and moved back 35 feet, in order to give greater width to
the railway. This work was performed in so regular a manner that no
interruption occurred in the business of the Company's offices.
The first operation consisted in running well squared spruce beams, 12
in. × 8 ft., through the walls and under the ground floor. These beams
projected beyond the wall on each side and were spaced about 3¼ feet
apart, and care was taken to have them in the same horizontal plane.
After ramming down the earth upon which the timber work, f, was to
rest, the first transverse beams forming the foundation platform were
laid in place in such a way as to have between them the same spacing
as between the cross-pieces, _a_, and so as to be exactly on the same
level. These were afterward surmounted with longitudinal beams with
alternate transverse ones until the desired height was reached. This
framework having once been put in place, there were placed in the axis
of each piece of timber work string-pieces, _b_, which ran without a
break the entire length of the wall. Jack-screws, _v_, of the kind
above described, were finally arranged in pairs under each of the
cross-pieces, _a_.
On the front side (Fig. 3) particular precautions were taken to support
the stone pillars and iron columns. To this end, apertures were made in
the foundation, starting from the axis of the pillars and terminating
at the axis of the neighboring columns. Spruce sills were put into
these openings and others between the columns, the last-named ones
having been put in place after the masonry had been completely severed.
The cross-pieces, _a_, were thus under the sills, _g_, before the
putting in place of the screws, _v_, and these latter were maneuvered
in such a way as to merely support the structure without lifting any of
its parts.
These preliminaries having been finished, all the pieces of the timber
work were examined with the greatest care, while, at the same time, the
joints were consolidated and the defects in leveling were rectified by
means of spruce wedges.
During the time of lifting, the workmen were arranged in pairs opposite
each other, and on each side of the wall, where each one had 12 to
14 screws to maneuver. In order to render the motion very uniform,
the superintendent of the work gave signals by means of a whistle.
At this moment each man gave the screw a half revolution, passed to
the following one, and continued thus until all the screws under his
supervision had been revolved to the same degree. At a fresh signal
this operation was begun again, and so on.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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