For red on white grounds and for red grounds, a mordant of red liquor at 5° to 6° B. is printed on, with a little salt of tin or nitro-muriate of tin. It is fixed by oxidation at 30° to 35° C., and dunged with cow-dung and chalk. The pieces are then dyed with 1 part alizarin for reds at 10 per cent., ¼ to ½ oil for reds (containing 50 per cent.), 1-6th part acetate of lime at 15° B., giving an hour at 70° and half an hour at the same heat. Wash, pad in oil (50 to 100 grms. per liter of water), dry on the drum, or better, in the hot flue, and steam for three-quarters to an hour and a half. The padding in oil is needless, if sufficient oil has been used in dyeing, and the pieces may be at once dried and steamed. Wash and soap for three-quarters of an hour at 60°. Give a second soaping if necessary. If there is no fear of soiling the whites, dye at a boil for the last half-hour, which is in part equal to steaming. Red pieces and yarns may be dyed by the process just given for red grounds; or, prepare in neutral red oil, in the proportion of 150 grms. per liter of water for pieces and 15 kilos for 100 kilos of yarns. For pieces, pad with an ordinary machine with rollers covered with calico. Dry the pieces in the drum, and the yarn in the stove. Steam three-quarters of an hour at 1½ atmosphere. Mordant in pyrolignite of alumina at 10° B., and wash thoroughly. Dye for an hour at 70°, and half an hour longer at the same heat, using for 100 kilos of cloth or yarn 20 kilos alizarin at 10 per cent., 10 kilos acetate of lime at 18° B., and 5 kilos sulpholeic acid. Steam for an hour. Soap for a longer or shorter time, with or without the addition of soda crystals. There may be added to the aluminous mordant a little salt of tin to raise the tone. Lastly, aluminate of soda may be used as a mordant in place of red liquor or sulphate of alumina. Certain firms employ a so-called continuous process. The pieces are passed into a cistern 6 meters long and fitted with rollers. This dye-bath contains, from 3 to 5 grms. of alizarin per liter of water, and is heated to 98°. The pieces take 5 minutes to traverse this cistern, and, owing to the high temperature and the concentration of the dye liquor, they come out perfectly dyed. Two pieces may even be passed through at once, one above the other. As the dye-bath becomes exhausted, it must be recruited from time to time with fresh quantities of alizarin. The great advantage of this method is that it economizes not merely time but coloring matter.