Scientific American Supplement, No. 288, July 9, 1881Various
Science
Scientific American Supplement, No. 288, July 9, 1881
Various
Science -- Periodicals
When I first examined the specimens they seemed watery, but to my
surprise, on allowing the milk to stand, I could not help wondering at
the large percentage of cream.
The following represents approximately the daily diet of the mother:
Three pecks of oats, one bucket bran mash, five or six loaves of bread,
half a bushel of roots (potatoes, etc.), fifty to seventy-five pounds of
hay, and forty gallons of water.
Elephants eat continually, little at a time, to be sure, but are
constantly picking. This habit is also observable in the way the calf
nurses. The first specimen of milk was procured on the morning of April
5, the second on the 9th, and the third on the 10th.
The last exceeded the others in quantity, and is therefore the fairest
of the three. It took several milkings to get even these, for the calf
would begin to nurse, then stop, and when she stopped the flow of milk
did also.
I was assured by Mr. Cross and the keeper, Mr. Copeland, that the milk
I obtained had all the appearances of that drawn at various times since
the birth of the calf. Mr. Cross, when in Boston, compared the milk with
that from an Alderney cow, and found the volume of cream greater.
I endeavored to have the calf kept away from the mother for some hours,
but could not, since she is allowed her freedom, as she worries under
restraint, and besides, has never been taken from the mother. The calf
picked at oats and hay, but was dependent on the mother for nourishment.
It would have been a matter of great satisfaction to me had I been able
to obtain a larger quantity of the milk, or to have gained even an
approximate knowledge of the daily yield, but was obliged to content
myself with what I could get. By comparing several samples, however, a
just conclusion regarding the quality was found. The analyses of the
samples gave the following results:
No. I. II. III.
April 5, April 9, April 10,
Morning. Noon. Morning.
Quantity, 19 cc. 36 cc. 72 cc.
Cream, 52-4, vol.% 58 62
Reaction, Neutral. Slightly alkaline. Slightly acid.
Sp.gr., ---- ---- 1023.7
In 100 parts by weight.
Water............67.567 69.286 66.697
Solids...........32.433 30.714 33.303
Fat..............17.546 19.095 22.070
Solids not fat...14.887 11.619 11.233
Casein...........14.236 3.694 3.212
Sugar............14.236 7.267 7.392
Ash.............. 0.651 0.658 0.629
Ten grammes were taken for analysis, and in No. III. duplicates were
made.
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