Apparatus for Measuring Electricity at the Upper School of Telegraphy. By E. MERCADIER.--5 figures. Constant vibrator.--The Electrical tuning fork. Arrangement for testing electric piles.--Very rapid electric tuning fork.--A vibrating micrometer 5824 IV. NATURAL HISTORY.--Our Origin as a Species. By RICHARD OWEN.--The Neanderthal skull.--Differential characters between the lowest _Homo_ and the highest _Simia_ 5825 The Aba or Odika. By Dr. W.H. BACHELER.--A remarkable tree of West Africa 5826 California Cedars 5826 * * * * * APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING GASEOUS OR AERATED BEVERAGES. The apparatus employed at present for making gaseous beverages are divided into two classes--intermittent apparatus based on chemical compression, and continuous ones based on mechanical compression. The first are simple in appearance and occupy small space, but their use is attended with too great inconveniences and losses to allow them to be employed in cases where the manufacture is of any extent, so the continuous apparatus are more and more preferred by those engaged in the industry. Continuous apparatus, however, other than those that we now propose to occupy ourselves with, are not without some defects, for the gas is produced in them intermittingly and at intervals, and more rapidly than it is used, thus necessitating the use of a gasometer, numerous and large washers, complicated piping, and, besides, of an acid cock. To get rid of such drawbacks, it became necessary to seek a means of rendering the production of the gas continuous, and of regulating it automatically without the aid of the operator. Mr. Mondollot has obtained such a result through a happy modification of the primitive system of the English engineer Bramah. He preserves the suction and force pump but, while applying it to the same uses, he likewise employs it, by the aid of a special arrangement, so as to distribute the sulphuric acid automatically over the chalk in the generator, and to thus obtain a regular and continuous disengagement of carbonic acid gas. The dangers and difficulties in the maneuver of an acid cock are obviated, the gasometer and its cumbersome accessories are dispensed with, and the purification is more certain, owing to the regularity with which the gas traverses the washers. In the accompanying plate we have figured three types of these apparatus. The first that we shall describe is arranged for the use of bicarbonate of soda. This apparatus consists (1) of a _generator_, C D, (2) of a double _washer_ G G, (3) of a _suction pump_, P, and (4) of a _saturator_, S (See Figs 1 to 9).