Produced by Juliet Sutherland and the PG Online Distributed Proofreading Team at www.pgdp.net. [Illustration] SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN SUPPLEMENT NO. 388 NEW YORK, June 9, 1883 Scientific American Supplement. Vol. XV., No. 388. Scientific American established 1845 Scientific American Supplement, $5 a year. Scientific American and Supplement, $7 a year. * * * * * TABLE OF CONTENTS. I. ENGINEERING.--Farcot's Improved Woolf Compound Engine.--4 figures. The "Swallow," a New Vehicle. Boring an Oil Well. A Cement Reservoir.--2 figures. "Flying." II. TECHNOLOGY.--Iron and Steel.--By BARNARD SAMUELSON. The world's production of pig iron.--Wonderful uses and demands for iron and steel.--Progress of Bessemer steel.--Latest improvements in iron making.--Honors and rewards to inventors. --Growth of the Siemens-Martin process.--The future of iron and steel.--Relations between employers and workmen. Machine for Grinding Lithographic Inks and Colors.--1 figure. A new Evaporating apparatus.--2 figures. Photo Plates.--Wet and Dry. Gelatino Bromide Emulsion with Bromide of Zinc. The Removal of Ammonia from Crude Gas. III. MEDICINE AND HYGIENE.--The Hair, its Uses and its Care. The Influence of Effective Breathing in Delaying the Physical Changes Incident to the Decline of Life, and in the Prevention of Pneumonia. Consumption, and Diseases of Women.--By DAVID WARK. M.D.--Pneumonia.--The true first stage of Consumption. The development of tubercular matter in the blood.--The value of cod-liver oil in the prevention of consumption.--The influence of normal breathing on the female generative organs--Showing how the breathing powers may be developed.--The effects of adequate respiration in special cases. Vital Discoveries in Obstructed Air and Ventilation. IV. ELECTRICITY.--The Portrush Electric Railway, Ireland.--By Dr. EDWARD HOPKINSON. The Thomson-Houston Electric Lighting System.--4 figures. A Modification of the Vibrating Bell.--2 figures. V. CHEMISTRY.--Acetate of Lime. Reconversion of Nitroglycerine into Glycerine. By C.L. BLOXAM. Carbonic Acid and Bisulphide of Carbon. By JOHN TYNDALL. VI. AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE.--Propagation of Maple Trees. Dioscorea Retusa.--Illustration. Ravages of a Rare Scolytid Beetle in the Sugar Maples of Northeastern New York.--Several figures. The Red Spider. 4 figures. Japanese Peppermint. VII. NATURAL HISTORY.--The Recent Eruption of Etna. The Heloderma Horridum.--Illustration. The Kangaroo. VIII. ARCHITECTURE.--Design for a Villa.--Illustration. IX. BIOGRAPHY.--William Spottiswoode.--Portrait. X. MISCELLANEOUS.--Physics without Apparatus.--Illustration. The Travels of the Sun.