Scientific American Supplement, No. 392, July 7, 1883 — John Shaqi
Scientific American Supplement, No. 392, July 7, 1883Various
Science
Scientific American Supplement, No. 392, July 7, 1883
Various
Science -- Periodicals
The limits of this paper do not allow me to speak of the numerous
theoretical evidences as shown by the use of my induction balance. I
believe, however, that I have cited already experimental evidences to
show that what has been attributed to coercive force is really due to
molecular freedom or rigidity; that in inherent molecular polarity we
have a fact admitted by Coulomb, Poisson, Ampere, De la Rive, Weber,
Du Moncel, Wiedermann, and Maxwell; and that we have also experimental
evidence of molecular rotation and of the symmetrical character of
polarity and neutrality.
The experiments which I have brought forward in this paper, in addition
to those mentioned in my paper read before the Royal Society, will,
I hope, justify me in having advanced a theory of magnetism which I
believe in every portion allows at least experimental evidences of its
probable truth.
* * * * *
THE WESTINGHOUSE BRAKE.
Below we illustrate the main parts of the Westinghouse brake as applied
to a vehicle. The supplementary reservoir brake cylinder and triple
valve are shown in position, and as fitted upon the engine, tender, and
each vehicle of the train. Air compressed by a pump on the locomotive
to, say, 70 lb. or 80 lb. to the square inch fills the main reservoir on
the engine, and flowing through the driver's brake valve and main pipe,
also charges the supplementary reservoirs throughout the train. When
a train is running, uniform air pressure exists throughout its
length--that is to say, the main reservoir on the engine, the pipe from
end to end of train, the triple valves and supplementary reservoirs on
each vehicle, are all charged ready for work, the brake cylinders being
empty and the brakes off. The essential principle of the system is,
that maintaining the pressure keeps the brakes off, but letting the air
escape from the brake pipe, purposely or accidentally, instantly applies
them. It follows, therefore, that the brake may be applied by the driver
or any of the guards, or if necessary by a passenger, by the separation
of a coupling, or the failure or injury to a vital part of the
apparatus, whether due to an accident to the train or to the brake; and
as the brake on each vehicle is complete in itself and independent,
should the apparatus on any one carriage be torn off, the brake will
nevertheless remain applied for almost any length of time upon the rest
of the train.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account