Scientific American Supplement, No. 467, December 13, 1884Various
Science
Scientific American Supplement, No. 467, December 13, 1884
Various
Science -- Periodicals
M. Le Gray says: "The proof ought not to be left in this bath less than
fifteen minutes, as that is the minimum time necessary to insure the
permanency of the picture; but it may be allowed to remain in it for as
much longer as is requisite for obtaining the desired tone." Efficient
washing in warm and cold waters completed the operation. Should any of
our provincial members experience a difficulty in obtaining calcium
chloride for their experiments, it can be easily made by causing dilute
7 to 3 hydrochloric acid to react on common whitening, and when neutral
filter and set aside for the crystals to separate out.
_Experiment_ 6.--The uranium and gold toning bath has many friends. The
tones are said to be richer and to economize gold, while it is very
easy to work. I am unable to give the author's name, but I can present
a formula which has worked well in my hands. After washing away the
free silver tone in the following mixture:
No. 1.
One grain acid solution of gold terchloride 1 ounce.
Water 7 ounces.
Neutralize with sufficient of a twenty per cent. solution of sodium
carb. (Na_{2}HCO_{3}).
No. 2.
Three grain solution of uranium nitrate 1 ounce.
Water 7 ounces.
Neutralize as in No. 1. Warm each to 70° Fahr., and mix. The bath is
then ready for use. It can be used repeatedly if desired by acidifying
with citric acid and neutralizing before use; but nothing is gained by
using it a second time.
There are methods of toning which resemble more or less those which
have occupied our attention to-night; among them may be mentioned the
tungstate bath, likewise citrate of soda. The vermilion bath, too,
might afford sufficient matter alone for a lecturette. If some one
experienced with it could be induced to bring it before us, I am sure
it would prove interesting.
COATING PLATES WITH GELATINE EMULSION.
To coat plates perfectly, says H. S. Starnes in _British Jour. of
Photography_, I found the following points were necessary:
1. That a certain quantity of emulsion should be flowed in one even
stream all over the plate, instead of pouring the emulsion in a pool in
the center of the plate and then dispersing it over the whole surface;
because in the latter mode of coating large plates the gelatine is apt
to commence setting before it is equally distributed, and an unequally
coated plate is the result.
2. The plate ought to be put on the leveling-table before coating, and
not be moved before the gelatine is set; because in the dull light of
the dark room it is so difficult to prevent the emulsion running off
the plate when putting it down on the leveling-table.
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