Scientific American Supplement, No. 467, December 13, 1884Various
Science
Scientific American Supplement, No. 467, December 13, 1884
Various
Science -- Periodicals
Everybody knows the "photographer's light," and has heard of
_invisible_ light producing visible effects upon the chemically
prepared plate in the camera. Speaking in round numbers, I may say
that, in going up to about twice the frequency I have mentioned for
violet light, you have gone to the extreme end of the range of known
light of the highest rates of vibration; I mean to say that you have
reached the greatest frequency that has yet been observed.
When you go below visible red light, what have you? We have something
we do not see with the eye, something that the ordinary photographer
does not bring out on his photographically sensitive plates. It is
light, but we do not see it. It is something so closely continuous with
light visible, that we may define it by the name of invisible light.
It is commonly called radiant heat; invisible radiant heat. Perhaps,
in this thorny path of logic, with hard words flying in our faces, the
least troublesome way of speaking of it is to call it radiant heat. The
heat effect you experience when you go near a bright, hot coal fire,
or a hot steam boiler; or when you go near, but not over, a set of hot
water pipes used for heating a house; the thing we perceive in our face
and hands when we go near a boiling pot and hold the hand on a level
with it, is radiant heat; the heat of the hands and face caused by a
hot fire, or a hot kettle when held under the kettle, is also radiant
heat.
You might readily make the experiment with an earthen teapot; it
radiates heat better than polished silver. Hold your hands below,
and you perceive a sense of heat; above the teapot you get more
heat; either way you perceive heat. If held over the teapot, you
readily understand that there is a little current of air rising. If
you put your hand under the teapot, you get cold air; the upper side
of your hand is heated by radiation, while the lower side is fanned
and is actually cooled by virtue of the heated kettle above it.
That perception by the sense of heat is the perception of something
actually continuous with light. We have knowledge of rays of radiant
heat perceptible down to (in round numbers) about four times the wave
length, or one-fourth the period of visible or red light. Let us take
red light at 400 million million vibrations per second; then the lowest
radiant heat, as yet investigated, is about 100 million million per
second in the way of frequency of vibration.
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