[Illustration] SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN SUPPLEMENT NO. 470 NEW YORK, JANUARY 3, 1885 Scientific American Supplement. Vol. XIX, No. 470. Scientific American established 1845 Scientific American Supplement, $5 a year. Scientific American and Supplement, $7 a year. * * * * * TABLE OF CONTENTS. I. METALLURGY, CHEMISTRY, ETC.--The Elasticity of Metals. The Liquefaction of the Elementary Gases.--By JULES JAMIN. Examination of Fats. Notes on Nitrification.--By R. WARINGTON.--Paper read before the British Association at Montreal. II. ENGINEERING AND MECHANICS.--Flow of Water through Hose Pipes. Iron Pile Planks in the Construction of Foundations under Water.--3 engravings. Sound Signals.--Extracts from a paper by A.B. JOHNSON.--Treating of gongs, guns, rockets, bells, whistling buoys, bell buoys, locomotive whistles, trumpets, the siren, and the use of natural orifices.--2 engravings. Trevithick's High Pressure Engine at Crewe.--2 engravings. Planetary Wheel Trains.--By Prof. C.W. MACCORD.--With a page and a half of illustrations. Bridge over the River Indus, at Attock. Punjaub, Northern State Railway, India.--Full page illustrations. The Harrington Rotary Engine.--3 figures. III. TECHNOLOGY.--Testing Car Varnishes.--By D.D. ROBERTSON. Aniline Dyes in Dress Materials.--By Prof. CHAS. O'NEILL. IV. DECORATIVE ART.--A. Chippendale Sideboard.--With engraving. V. PHYSICS, MAGNETISM, ETC.--The Fallacy of the Present Theory of Sound.--Abstract of a lecture by Dr. H.A. MOTT. The Fixation of Magnetic Phantoms.--With engraving. VI. NATURAL HISTORY.--Researches on the Origin and Life Histories of the Least and Lowest Living Things---By Rev. W.H. DALLINGER. VII. MEDICINE, ETC.--Case of Resuscitation and Recovery after Apparent Death by Hanging.--by Dr. E.W. WHITE. VIII. MISCELLANEOUS.--The Inventors' Institute.--Address of the Chairman at the opening of the twenty-second session of the Institute, October 2. The New Central School at Paris.--3 engravings. * * * * * FLOW OF WATER THROUGH HOSE PIPES.