Scientific American Supplement, No. 484, April 11, 1885 — John Shaqi
Scientific American Supplement, No. 484, April 11, 1885Various
Science
Scientific American Supplement, No. 484, April 11, 1885
Various
Science -- Periodicals
This consists of a portable folding camera, with screw focusing
arrangement, swing back, and an adapter frame placed in the position of
the focus screen, allowing the dark slide to be inserted so as to give the
horizontal or vertical position to the dry plate when in the camera. To
the front and base-board a brass swiveled side bar, made collapsible by
means of a center slot, is attached by hinges, and this renders the camera
rigid when open or secure when closed. The base-board is supported on a
brass plate within which is inserted a ball-and-socket (or universal joint
in a new form), permitting the camera to be tilted to any necessary angle,
and fixed in such position at will. The whole apparatus is mounted upon a
brass telescopic draw-stand, which, by means of clamps, is attached to the
steering handle or other convenient part of the tricycle, preferably the
form made by Messrs. Rudge & Co., of Coventry, represented in the
cut.--_Photo. News._
* * * * *
A PHOTO PRINTING LIGHT.
[Illustration]
A printing frame is placed in the carrier, and exposed to the light of a
gas burner kept at a fixed distance, behind which is a spherical
reflector. The same frame may be used for other purposes.-_Photographic
News._
* * * * *
A NEW ACTINOMETER.
A selenium actinometer has been described in the _Comptes Rendus_ in a
communication from M. Morize, of Rio de Janeiro. The instrument is used to
measure the actinic power of sunlight when the sun is at various
altitudes; but the same principle is applicable to other light sources.
The sensitive part of the apparatus consists of a cylinder formed of 38
disks of copper, isolated from each other by as many disks of mica. The
latter being of smaller diameter than the copper disks, the annular spaces
between the two are filled with selenium, by the simple process of rubbing
a stick of this substance over the edges, and afterward gently warming.
The selenium then presents a grayish appearance, and is ready for use.
Connection is made by conductors, on opposite sides, with the odd and even
numbers of the disks, which diminishes the resistance of the selenium. The
cylinder thus formed is insulated by glass supports in the inside of a
vacuum tube, for the purpose of preserving it from the disturbing
influence of dark rays. The whole is placed upon a stand, and shielded
from reflected light, but fully exposed to that which is to be measured
for actinic intensity. If now a constant current of electricity is passed
through the apparatus, as indicated by a galvanometer, the variations of
the latter will show the effect produced upon the selenium. A scale must
be prepared, with the zero point at the greatest possible resistance of
the selenium, which corresponds with absolute darkness. The greatest
effect of the light would be to annul the resistance of the selenium.
Consequently, the cylinder must be withdrawn from the circuit to represent
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