In addition to the foregoing there are, of course, many other applications of ammonia refrigerating machines of a more or less special nature, of which time will not permit even a passing reference. Many of these are embraced in the second class, cold water or brine being used for the cooling of candles, the separation of paraffin, the crystallization of salts, and for many other purposes. In the same way cold brine has been used with great success for freezing quicksand in the sinking of shafts, the excavation being carried out and the watertight tubing or lining put in while the material is in a solid state. In a paper such as this it would be quite impracticable to enter into details of construction, and the author has therefore confined himself chiefly to principles of working. In conclusion, however, it may be added that in ammonia machines, whether on the absorption or compression systems, no copper or alloy of copper can be used in parts subjected to the action of the ammonia. Cast or wrought iron and steel may, however, be used, provided the quality is good, but special care must be taken in the construction of those parts of absorption machines which are subjected to a high temperature. In both classes of apparatus first-class materials and workmanship are most absolute essentials. * * * * * [Continued from Supplement, No. 646, p. 10319.] ELEMENTS OF ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN.[1] [Footnote 1: Delivered before the Society of Arts, London, December 13, 1887. From the _Journal_ of the Society.] BY H. H. STATHAM. III.--CONTINUED.