* * * * * [Continued from SUPPLEMENT, No. 830, page 13110.] GUM ARABIC AND ITS MODERN SUBSTITUTES.[1] [Footnote 1: A paper read before the Society of Chemical Industry, London, 1891. From the Journal] BY DR. S. RIDEAL AND W.E. YOULE. Subjoined is a table giving the absolute viscosity of various gums. A comparison of the uncorrected viscosities with the corrected shows the great importance of Slotte's correction for dextrins and inferior gum arabics; in other words, for solutions of low viscosity, while it will be observed to have little influence upon the uncorrected [eta] obtained for the Ghatti gums and the best samples of gum arabic. TABLE OF ABSOLUTE VISCOSITIES OF 10 PER CENT. GUM AND DEXTRIN SOLUTIONS. ---------------------+--------------+------------+---------- Sample. | [eta] | [eta] | Z Water | Uncorrected. | Corrected. | = 100. ---------------------+--------------+------------+---------- Gum arabic.......... | 0.1876 | 0.1856 | 1,233 Cape gum............ | 0.1575 | 0.1555 | 1,029 Indian gum.......... | 0.0540 | 0.0470 | 311 Eastern gum......... | 0.0689 | 0.0639 | 417 Gum arabic.......... | 0.0550 | 0.0480 | 317 Senegal............. | 0.0494 | 0.0410 | 271 Senegal............. | 0.0468 | 0.0380 | 251 Senegal............. | 0.0627 | 0.0557 | 364 Gum arabic.......... | 0.0511 | 0.0430 | 285 Water............... | 0.0149 | 0.0124 | 100 Ghatti.............. | 0.2903 | 0.2880 | 2,322 Ghatti, 5 per cent.. | 0.0903 | 0.0828 | 688 Ghatti, 5 per cent.. | 0.1391 | 0.1350 | 1,089 Ghatti, 5 per cent.. | 0.1795 | 0.1760 | 1,420 Ghatti, 5 per cent.. | 0.1527 | 0.1485 | 1,198 Ghatti, 5 per cent.. | 0.1139 | 0.1083 | 873 Ghatti, 5 per cent.. | 0.1419 | 0.1369 | 1,104 Dextrin............. | 0.0398 | 0.0255 | 169 Dextrin............. | 0.0341 | 0.0196 | 129 Dextrin............. | 0.0455 | 0.0380 | 306 Gum substitute...... | 0.0318 | 0.0224 | 180 Gum substitute...... | 0.0318 | 0.0224 | 180 Amrad............... | 0.0793 | 0.0708 | 570 Australian.......... | 0.0378 | 0.0283 | 228 Australian.......... | 0.0365 | 0.0268 | 216 Brazilian........... | 0.0668 | 0.0627 | 506 Brazilian........... | 0.0516 | 0.0445 | 359 Ghatti.............. | 0.3636 | 0.3621 | 2,920 ---------------------+--------------+------------+----------