The SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN Export Edition is a large and splendid periodical, issued once a month. Each number contains about one hundred large quarto pages, profusely illustrated, embracing: (1.) Most of the plates and pages of the four preceding weekly issues of the SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, with its splendid engravings and valuable information; (2.) Commercial, trade, and manufacturing announcements of leading houses. Terms for Export Edition, $5.00 a year, sent prepaid to any part of the world. Single copies 50 cents. -->Manufacturers and others who desire to secure foreign trade may have large, and handsomely displayed announcements published in this edition at a very moderate cost. The SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN Export Edition has a large guaranteed circulation in all commercial places throughout the world. Address MUNN & CO., 37 Park Row, New York. * * * * * VOL. XXXIX., No. 24. [NEW SERIES.] Thirty-third Year. NEW YORK, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 14, 1878. * * * * * TABLE OF CONTENTS OF THE SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN SUPPLEMENT No. 154, For the Week ending December 14, 1878. Price 10 cents. For sale by all newsdealers. I. ENGINEERING AND MECHANICS.--Portable Steam Pumping Engine, 1 engraving.--New Bone Crushing Mill, 2 engravings.--Picard's Boiler. Extraction of Salt from Salt Water.--Compressed Air Machines. Hydraulic vs. air pressure. Causes of the losses of power. Estimates of useful effects obtainable.--The St. Gothard Tunnel. By GEO. J. SPECHT, C.E.--Apparatus for Lifting Sunken Vessels, with 8 figures.--Russia Sheet Iron.--Manufacture of Artificial Stone.--Compressed Fuel.--The New Magnesi Process for Boiler Feed Water. II. FRENCH INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION OF 1878.--Wine Presses. Description of sixteen new and peculiar wine presses at the Exhibition, with 31 figures and 9 engravings. The Press Primat; Press Mabille; Press David; Samain Press; Marchand, Maupre, Boyries, Chapellier, Marmonier, Nogues, Mailhe, Moreau, Piquet, Delperoux, Terrel des Chenes, and Cassan fils Presses. The Algerian Exhibit. The street of Algiers, with 1 illustration.--Woolen Fabrics. III. ELECTRICITY, LIGHT, HEAT, ETC.--Electric Lighting. Estimate of the comparative heating effect in gas and electric lighting, and the consequent loss of power.--The Electric Light. Remarks on its economy.--The Present Bugbear of French Savants. New Planets. The Dutch Arctic Expedition. The Peak of Beerenburg, Spitzbergen, with 1 illustration. IV. CHEMISTRY AND METALLURGY.--New Process for Separating Iodine and Bromine from Kelp.--Inoffensive Colors for Toys.--New Coloring Matters.--Tungsten.