Scotland in Pagan Times; The Iron AgeAnderson, Joseph
History
Scotland in Pagan Times; The Iron Age
Anderson, Joseph
Scotland -- Antiquities
A similar structure (Fig. 255) at Culsh, in the parish of Tarland in the
same county, differs from this one only in being curved to the right
instead of to the left. It is 47 feet in length and 2 feet wide at the
entrance, the width increasing gradually to about 6 feet at the farther
end. The walls are partially formed of large boulders set on end or on
edge to form the lower course, with rudely-built masonry over them. They
converge but slightly, and the roof is formed in the usual manner by
large heavy slabs laid across from wall to wall. The floor is formed of
the natural underlying rock, and the height from floor to roof increases
from 5 feet near the entrance to an average of about 6 feet farther in.
When cleared out in 1853, the earth which filled the chamber was found
largely mixed with ashes on the floor, and the only relics obtained from
its excavation were fragments of coarse unglazed pottery, a large bead,
the bones of cattle, and two querns.
[Illustration:
Fig. 256.—Ground plan and sections of Earth-house at Kildrummy,
Aberdeenshire.
(From a Plan by Mr. Lumsden of Clova.)]
]
Another (Fig. 256) excavated a few years ago at Clova, near Kildrummy,
also in Aberdeenshire,[111] differs from these in being so slightly
curved to the left as to be almost straight. It measures 57 feet in
length, 2½ feet wide at the entrance, suddenly widening to about 8 feet
at about 20 feet within the entrance. At a short distance from the
entrance there were checks for two doors about 8 feet apart. The
covering stones had been removed from the first 15 feet of the narrow
part, but the roof remained entire over the whole of the wider part of
the structure, at an average height of about 6 feet from the floor. The
earth with which the chamber was filled was largely mixed with charcoal
and bones of animals, among which those of the horse and dog were
recognised. No manufactured relics were found, but two of the stones in
the walls, one being a large boulder, were covered with the small
hemispherical pits known as cup-markings.
-----
Footnote 111:
_Proc. Soc. Antiq. Scot._, vol. xii. p. 356.
-----
[Illustration:
Fig. 257.—Ground plan and section of Earth-house at Eriboll,
Sutherlandshire.
(From a Plan by Dr. Arthur Mitchell.)
]
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