Scotland in Pagan Times; The Iron AgeAnderson, Joseph
History
Scotland in Pagan Times; The Iron Age
Anderson, Joseph
Scotland -- Antiquities
No shields of this character have yet been discovered in Scotland, but
there are other objects of a military kind which exhibit the same
peculiar art in a sufficiently characteristic manner. One of these is a
sword-sheath (Fig. 97) of bronze, 23½ inches in length by 1¼ inch in
width, which was found at the foot of the Pentlands, near Mortonhall,
and is now in the Museum. It is formed of thin beaten bronze; the
ornamental cup-shaped expansions at the lower end are solid castings,
and the ornamental strap carrying the loop in front is fastened on with
pins. The back of the sheath is a thin slip of bronze sliding in grooves
in the inner margins of the two sides. This is the only example of a
sword-sheath of this style and period known to have been found in
Scotland. Several sheaths of the same character have been discovered in
England. Perhaps the most characteristic of these is one in the
collection of Canon Greenwell at Durham, which exhibits, in a very
special manner, the peculiar style of ornament of which I have given so
many illustrations. The swords which these sheaths contained were of
iron and have perished. One found in the Thames has the blade still
within it, 3 feet 1½ inch in length, but a mere mass of oxide.[58] These
swords differ greatly in the length and form of the blade from the
leaf-shaped swords of bronze which were in general use at an earlier
period, and their sheaths differ still more widely in form and ornament
from the sheaths of the leaf-shaped swords.
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Footnote 58:
The specimens of these iron swords with bronze sheaths found in
different parts of England are enumerated by Mr. Franks in the
_Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of London_, vol. iv. p.
166; and several are figured in _Horæ Ferales_, Plates XIV.-XVIII.
-----
Another class of objects, which are more of the nature of
harness-mountings or horse-furniture, also exhibit this peculiar style
of ornamentation, in some cases combined with the remarkable feature of
having their sunk spaces filled with coloured enamels.
[Illustration: Fig. 98.—Mountings of Cast Bronze (5 inches in length).]
A pair of massively-formed objects (Fig. 98), the precise use of which
is not apparent, were found in a bank of clay on a spur of the Cheviots
at Henshole on Cheviot. They are of cast bronze, and consist of an
oblong body, hollow, rounded at one end and flattened at the other; the
upper and lower surfaces inclined towards the small end, which is
narrower than the width at the middle. A stout tang of about 2 inches in
length is carried on a bar which crosses the open part of the small end,
and the convexity of the larger end bears the mark of hammering as if to
drive the tang home. They are destitute of surface decoration, but they
seem to be allied by the characteristics of their form to other objects
which are less indefinite in the indications of their art.
[Illustration: Fig. 99.—Bronze Ornaments found in a Cairn at Towie,
Aberdeenshire.]
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