The most important of the buildings of Alfonso is the Cámara Santa of
the cathedral, once the Capilla San Miguel, which was part of the
original church of Alfonso, and was built in the eighth century by his
architect Favila. The room itself is small, without ornament, roofed
with low barrel vaulting, and lighted with one small window. But here
are guarded the relics in the Byzantine-Latin style, which are among the
most interesting examples that remain to us of the work of the period.
The Cruz de los Angeles, a work of the eighth century and the gift of
Alfonso II., and the Cruz de la Victoria, supposed to have belonged to
Pelayo, both resemble very closely the crowns of Guarraza; like them,
they are not typically Spanish work. That of the Angeles is of filigree
work of exquisite delicacy, and enriched in the centre with rare
encrusted rubies and other precious stones; while that of the Victory is
made of wood, but Alfonso III. had it overlaid with gold and ornamented
with jewels. A third relic, the cash-box of St. Eulalia, has its chief
interest in the inscription in Arabic and Cufic characters which
surrounds the cover. A special historical interest belongs to the relic
known as the Arca de los Santos. The cover, on which is engraved the
figures of the Apostles, and the Latin inscriptions belong, by the
character of the vestments, which are those described by St. Isidore,
and by the letters used, to the sixth or seventh centuries; while the
Saviour and angels on the box itself, the inscriptions in Cufic
lettering, as well as the general style of reliquary, have the
characters which belong to the Spanish works of the eleventh and early
years of the twelfth centuries. The explanation, of course, is that the
casket was restored and its character altered at a later date, and
probably in the reign of Alfonso VI. This mingling of different styles
and periods in one work of art meets us continually in Spain. It is due
in large measure to the custom by which the Spaniards used and borrowed
the arts of the Moors, even for long after they had conquered them.
There are a few works in the Madrid Archæological Museum which are in
the Latin-Byzantine style, and should be compared with the treasure of
the Cámara Santa, and to the same period belong other relics now in
different churches in the Peninsula.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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