as well as the triumphs, which inevitably characterize the natural
process of evolution. One thing, above all others, we as conscious,
reasoning beings can do which must tend to the further development and
security of human well-being: we can ascertain ever more and more of
the truth, or in other words, "that which is." We can discover the
actual conditions of natural law, under which we exist and promote the
knowledge of that truth among our fellows. To do that which is right,
we must know that which is true. To act rightly, we must know truly.
We possess, a vast heritage of knowledge handed on to us in tradition
and in writings from our father-man in the past. But there are yet
immense fields of knowledge to be explored and yet a greater task to
be accomplished in spreading the knowledge which we possess, and in
persuading all men that it is their right and their duty to acquire it
and to enjoy the power and the pleasure which it gives. All must also
help, directly or indirectly, in the making of new knowledge. Whilst
mankind is still so backward in knowledge and the worship of wisdom, it
is idle to indulge in despair of the future. A chief way to increased
welfare is still open and untrodden.
These are big speculations and problems with which to preface a small
book. But I am content to offer the small book as a contribution,
however restricted, to the spread of a desire for further knowledge of
the things about which it tells–a possible incitement to serious study
of some one or other among them.
E. RAY LANKESTER
_June 2nd, 1920_
CONTENTS
CHAP. PAGE
I. THE EARLIEST PICTURE IN THE WORLD 1
II. PORTRAITS OF MAMMOTHS BY MEN WHO SAW THEM 26
III. THE ART OF PREHISTORIC MEN 35
IV. VESUVIUS IN ERUPTION 55
V. BLUE WATER 74
VI. THE BIGGEST BEAST 84
VII. WHAT IS MEANT BY "A SPECIES"? 92
VIII. MORE ABOUT SPECIES 100
IX. SPECIES IN THE MAKING 108
X. SOME SPECIFIC CHARACTERS 118
XI. HYBRIDS 131
XII. THE CROSS-BREEDING OF RACES 139
XIII. WHEEL ANIMALCULES 157
XIV. MORE ABOUT WHEEL ANIMALCULES 165
XV. SUSPENDED ANIMATION 173
XVI. MORE ABOUT SUSPENDED ANIMATION 182
XVII. THE SWASTIKA 191
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