1. _The Azilian:_ (Elapho-Tarandian of Piette) nearest to the Neolithic section of the Recent Period and more or less transitional to that period; named after the cavern of the Mas d'Azil in the department of the Ariège. The Reindeer had largely given place to the great Red Deer (Cervus elephus). 2. _The Magdelenian:_ named after the cave of La Madeleine in the Dordogne. 3. _The Solutrian:_ after Solutré near Macon. 4. _The Aurignacian:_ after the grotto of Aurignac in the Haute Garonne. _B._ MIDDLE PLEISTOCENE (period of the last great extension of glaciers). 1. _The Moustierian:_ so named after the cave of Le Moustier in Dordogne; the epoch of the Neander men. Also called the "epoch of the Mammoth," whilst the upper Pleistocene is called the epoch of the Reindeer, though the Mammoth still survived then in reduced numbers. _C._ LOWER PLEISTOCENE (inter-glacial and early glacial, also called period of the Hippopotamus and of Elephas antiquus and Rhinoceros Merckii). 1. _The Chellian:_ named after Chelles on the upper Seine, river gravels and sands earlier than the Moustierian. Large tongue-shaped flint implements, flaked on both surfaces–the later and better-finished classed as "Acheulæan," after St. Acheul, near Amiens. 2, 3, 4 ... various fluviatile and lacustrine gravels, sands and clays divisible into separate successive horizons, as well as marine deposits, some of glacial origin–including the mid-glacial gravel, the boulder clays and shelly Red Crag and Norwich Crag (but _not_ the underlying "Coralline" Crag, which must be classed with the Pliocene). The relations of the marine deposits to the older river-gravels and fresh-water deposits, and to the earlier periods of glacial extension indicated by the glacial moraines of central Europe, have not been, as yet, satisfactorily determined.