7. ENGRAVING OF A MAMMOTH DRAWN UPON A PIECE OF MAMMOTH IVORY 26 8. OUTLINE ENGRAVINGS OF MAMMOTHS ON THE WALL OF THE CAVERN KNOWN AS THE "FONT DE GAUME," NEAR EYZIES (DORDOGNE) 32 9. SIMILAR ENGRAVINGS FROM THE NEIGHBOURING CAVE OF COMBARELLES 32 10. _A_, SIMILAR ENGRAVING FROM THE CAVE OF COMBARELLES. _B_, MAMMOTH ENCLOSED BY PLANK-LIKE STRUCTURE–SUPPOSED TO BE EITHER A CAGE OR A TRAP 33 11. HORSE (WALL ENGRAVING), CAVE OF MARSOULAS, HAUTE GARONNE 43 12. HORSE (WALL ENGRAVING) OUTLINE IN BLACK, CAVE OF NIAUX (ARIÈGE) 43 13. HORSES: _A_, WALL ENGRAVING (CAVE OF HORNOS DE LA PÉNA). _B_, WALL ENGRAVING FROM CAVERN OF COMBARELLES. _C_, ENGRAVED ON REINDEER ANTLER (MAS D'AZIL) 43 14. DRAWING (OF THE ACTUAL SIZE OF THE ORIGINAL) OF A FLAT CARVING IN SHOULDER-BONE OF A HORSE'S HEAD, SHOWING TWISTED ROPE-BRIDLE AND TRAPPINGS 45 15. DRAWING (OF THE ACTUAL SIZE OF THE ORIGINAL) OF A FULLY ROUNDED CARVING IN REINDEER'S ANTLER OF THE HEAD OF A NEIGHING HORSE 45 16. REINDEER (ENGRAVING ON SCHIST) 46 17. RHINOCEROS IN RED OUTLINE 46 18. BISON FROM THE ROOF OF THE CAVERN OF ALTAMIRA 48 19. BISON: WALL ENGRAVINGS 48 20. BEAR: ENGRAVED ON STALAGMITE, FROM THE CAVE OF TEYJAT NEAR EYZIES 48 21. BEAR: ENGRAVED ON STONE, MASSOL (ARIÈGE) 48 22. WOLF: ENGRAVED ON WALL OF THE CAVE OF COMBARELLES 48 23. WALL ENGRAVING OF A CAVE LION (COMBARELLES) 48 24. GOOSE: SMALL ENGRAVING ON REINDEER ANTLER 49 25. FEMALE FIGURE CARVED IN OOLITIC LIMESTONE FROM WILLENDORF, NEAR KREMS, LOWER AUSTRIA (1908) 50 26. DRAWING (OF THE ACTUAL SIZE OF THE ORIGINAL) OF AN IVORY CARVING (FULLY ROUNDED) OF A FEMALE HEAD 51 27. SEATED FIGURE OF A WOMAN HOLDING A BOVINE HORN IN THE RIGHT HAND 51 28. MALE FIGURE REPRESENTED IN THE ACT OF DRAWING A BOW OR THROWING A SPEAR 51 29. A PIECE OF MAMMOTH IVORY CARVED WITH SPIRALS AND SCROLLS FROM THE CAVE OF ARUDY (HAUTES PYRÉNÉES) 54 30. VESUVIUS AS IT APPEARED BEFORE THE ERUPTION OF AUGUST 24, A.D. 79 57 31. FIVE SUCCESSIVE STAGES IN THE CHANGE OF FORM OF VESUVIUS (FROM PHILLIPS' "VESUVIUS," 1869) 61