Select Specimens of Natural History Collected in Travels to Discover the Source of the Nile. Volume 5.Bruce, James
History
Select Specimens of Natural History Collected in Travels to Discover the Source of the Nile. Volume 5.
Bruce, James
Natural history -- Egypt; Natural history -- Ethiopia; Nile River; Plants -- Egypt; Plants -- Ethiopia; Scientific expeditions -- Egypt
After sketching his genteel and noble manner while alive, our
unfortunate prisoner found his death by the needle, was put out of
sight, and carried to Gondar, where the drawing was finished. He was
altogether of a dark brown, or chesnut, leading to black. The whole
length, from the extremity of the tail to the nose, was two feet four
inches. The breadth, from wing to wing, four feet six inches. He was
very lean, and weighed something less than five pounds. The fourth
feather of his wing after the three largest, was white. The feathers
of the lower side of his tail were of a bluish brown, checkered with
white, and those of the upper side of the tail were black and white
alternately. His thighs were thick-covered with feathers, and so were
his legs, down to the joining of the foot. His feet were yellow, with
strong black claws. The inside of his wings was white, with a mixture
of brown. His leg, from the joining of the foot, was three inches. His
beak, from the point to where the feathers reached, was two inches
and a quarter. The length of his crest from the head to the longest
feather, five inches. The eye was black, with a cast of fire colour in
it, the iris yellow, and the whole eye exceedingly beautiful. He seemed
wonderfully tame, or rather sluggish, but whether that was from his
nature or misfortune I cannot be a judge, never having seen another.
[Illustration: _Rachamah_
_London Publish’d Feb.^y 10.^{th} 1790 by G. Robinson & Co._]
RACHAMAH.
This bird is met with in some places in the south of Syria and in
Barbary, but is no where so frequent as in Egypt and about Cairo. It is
called, by the Europeans, Poule de Faraone, the hen or bird of Pharaoh.
It is a vulture of the lesser kind, not being much larger than our rook
or crow, though, by the length of its wings, and the erect manner in
which it carries its head, it appears considerably larger. In Egypt
and all over Barbary it is called Rachamah, and yet it has been very
much doubted what bird this was, as well as what was the origin of
that name. Some of the Arabs will have it derived from Archam, which
signifies variegated, or of different colours. It has been answered,
that this is not the derivation, as archam in Arabic signifies
variegated, or of more colours than two or three blended together,
whereas this is in its feathers only black and white, separate from
one another, and cannot be called variegated. But I must here observe,
that this is by no means a proper interpretation of the Arabic word.
Among many examples I could give, I shall adduce but one. There is a
particular kind of sheep in Arabia Felix, whose head and part of the
neck are black, and the rest of the beast white; it is chiefly found
between Mocha and the Straits of Babelmandeb. This in Arabic is called
Rachama, for no other reason but because it is marked black and white,
which are precisely the two colours which distinguish the bird before
us.
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