Select Specimens of Natural History Collected in Travels to Discover the Source of the Nile. Volume 5.Bruce, James
History
Select Specimens of Natural History Collected in Travels to Discover the Source of the Nile. Volume 5.
Bruce, James
Natural history -- Egypt; Natural history -- Ethiopia; Nile River; Plants -- Egypt; Plants -- Ethiopia; Scientific expeditions -- Egypt
This grain is commonly sown all over Abyssinia, where it seems to
thrive equally on all sorts of ground; from it is made the bread which
is commonly used throughout Abyssinia. The Abyssinians, indeed, have
plenty of wheat, and some of it of an excellent quality: They likewise
make as fine wheat-bread as any in the world, both for colour and
for taste; but the use of wheat-bread is chiefly confined to people of
the first rank. On the other hand, Teff is used by all sorts of people
from the king downwards, and there are kinds of it which are esteemed
fully as much as wheat. The best of these is as white as flour,
exceedingly light, and easily digested. There are others of a browner
colour, and some nearly black; this last is the food of soldiers and
servants. The cause of this variation of colour is manifold; the Teff
that grows on light ground having a moderate degree of moisture, but
never dry; the lighter the earth is in which it grows, the better and
whiter the Teff will be; the husk too is thinner. That Teff, too, that
ripens before the heavy rains, is usually whiter and finer, and a
great deal depends upon sifting the husk from it after it is reduced
to flour, by bruising or breaking it in a stone-mill. This is repeated
several times with great care, in the finest kind of bread, which is
found in the houses of all people of rank or substance. The manner of
making it is by taking a broad earthen jar, and having made a lump of
it with water, they put it into an earthen jar at some distance from
the fire, where it remains till it begins to ferment, or turn sour;
they then bake it into cakes of a circular form, and about two feet
in diameter: It is of a spungy, soft quality, and not a disagreeable
sourish taste. Two of these cakes a-day, and a coarse cotton cloth once
a-year, are the wages of a common servant.
[Illustration: _Teff_
_London Publish’d Feb.^y 9.^{th} 1790. by G. Robinson & Co._]
At their banquets of raw meat, the flesh being cut in small bits, is
wrapt up in pieces of this bread, with a proportion of fossile salt
and Cayenne pepper. Before the company sits down to eat, a number of
these cakes of different qualities are placed one upon the other,
in the same manner as our plates, and the principal people, sitting
first down, eat the white Teff; the second, or coarser sort, serves
the second-rate people that succeed them, and the third is for the
servants. Every man, when he is done, dries or wipes his fingers upon
the bread which he is to leave for his successor, for they have no
towels, and this is one of the most beastly customs of the whole.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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