#Literature:# Behm, O. P., The Language of the Later Part of the Peterborough Chronicle, Gothenburgh, 1884: Würzner, A., Review of Behm, Anglia, viii, Anzeiger, 18-24: Meyer, H., Zur Sprache der jüngeren Teile der Chronik von Peterborough, Jena, 1889: Horst, K., Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Altenglischen Annalen, ES xxv. 195-218: Robertson, W. A., Tempus und Modus in der altenglischen Chronik, Marburg, 1906. =For History:= Hugo Albus, ed. Sparke in Hist. Angl. Scriptores, Londini, 1723 (comp. Liebermann, F., Ueber ostenglische Geschichtsquellen, Hannover, 1892): Gesta Stephani in Chronicles of the Reign of Stephen, Rolls Series; William of Malmesbury, Historia Novella, Rolls Series; Bridges, J., History of Northamptonshire, 2 vols., Oxford, 1791: Norgate, K., England under the Angevin Kings, 2 vols., London, 1887: Round, J. H., Geoffrey de Mandeville, London, 1892. #Phonology:# #a# is regularly _a_, whether oral, faren 9, makede 23, ac 39, pades 59 (*#pad#); or before nasals, Godman 22, nam 42; or before lengthening groups, land 1, enmang 26. It is _e_ in henged 55, 56 influenced by Scand. _hengja_; _æ_, which in this text lies near _e_, in the Scand. loan-word tæcen 120, 139; _o_ in oc 7, but, through influence of Scand. _oc_, also. #æ# is mostly _a_, was (34 times), þat (9), at (5), -masse (3), but no instance of after; the pasts, bar 85, spac 141, stal 165; but _e_, wes (7 times, all between ll. 20 and 76), þet (once), -messe (once), efter (15), analogy of #eft#; and _æ_, wæs (9), þæt (once), æt (6), -mæsse (once), æfter (once), stæl 132. #e# is generally _e_, nefe 7, wel 72; before lengthening groups, sende 4, 9, þrengde 61 (*#þrengan#), ferde 166; but _æ_ in bæron 63, 66, wæl 95, 203, þæ 100, æten 124. #i# is regularly _i_, milce 4, scip 14, but _y_ is sometimes written for it, uurythen 58, suyken 135, wyd 141. #o# is regularly _o_, ouer 13, smoke 56, o 74 (= #on#); before length. groups, uuolde 3, gold 24. It is _a_ in an 14, a 20; _u_ in durste 22. #u# is regularly _u_, sunne 15, cumen 18, sturuen 75; before length. groups, wurþen 17, hungær 67, wurthen 147. It is omitted in of uundred 17 (a French spelling). #y# is _i_, dide 9, 18, bebiriend 22, sinnes 88, mint 98; written _y_ in byrthen 24, yfel 29, 51, 88, fyrst 30, fylden 49, 51, styred 136.