[151] ~Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte~ (Napoleon III), 1808-73, son of Louis Bonaparte, brother of Napoleon I, by the _coup d'état_ of December, 1851, became Emperor of France. This was accomplished against the resistance of the Moderate Republicans, partly through the favor of his democratic theories with the mass of the French people. Heine was mistaken, however, in believing that the rule of Louis Napoleon had prepared the way for Communism. An attempt to bring about a Communistic revolution was easily crushed in 1871. PAGE 127 [152] ~J.J. von Goerres~ (1776-1848), ~Klemens Brentano~ (1778-1842), and ~Ludwig Achim von Arnim~ (1781-1831) were the leaders of the second German Romantic school and constitute the Heidelberg group of writers. They were much interested in the German past, and strengthened the national and patriotic spirit. Their work, however, is often marred by exaggeration and affectation. PAGE 128 [153] From _The Baths of Lucca_, chap. X, in _Pictures of Travel, Works_, III, 199. PAGE 129 [154] Cf. _Function of Criticism, Selections_, p. 26.[Transcriber's note: This approximates to the section following the text reference for Footnote 27 in this e-text.] [155] Job XII, 23: "He enlargeth the nations and straiteneth them again." PAGE 131 [156] Lucan, _Pharsalia_, book I, 135: "he stands the shadow of a great name." PAGE 132 [157] From _Ideas_, in _Pictures of Travel, Works_, II, 312-13. [158] ~Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh~ (1769-1822), as Foreign Secretary under Lord Liverpool, became the soul of the coalition against Napoleon, which, during the campaigns of 1813-14, was kept together by him alone. He committed suicide with a penknife in a fit of insanity in August, 1822. [159] From _Ideas_, in _Pictures of Travel, Works_, II, 324. [160] From _English Fragments_, 1828, in _Pictures of Travel, Works_, III, 340-42. PAGE 133 [161] Song in _Measure for Measure_, IV, i. [162][Transcriber's note: "From _The Dying One_: for translation see p. 142." in original. Please see reference in text for Footnote 180.] PAGE 135 [163] From _Mountain Idyll, Travels in the Hartz Mountains, Book of Songs. Works_, ed. 1904, pp. 219-21. [164] Published 1851. [165] ~Rhampsinitus~. A Greek corruption of _Ra-messu-pa-neter_, the popular name of Rameses III, King of Egypt. [166] ~Edith with the Swan Neck~. A mistress of King Harold of England. [167] ~Melisanda of Tripoli~. Mistress of Geoffrey Rudel, the troubadour. [168] ~Pedro the Cruel~. King of Castile (1334-69). [169] ~Firdusi~. A Persian poet, author of the epic poem, the _Shahnama_, or "Book of Kings," a complete history of Persia in nearly sixty thousand verses. [170] ~Dr. Döllinger~. A German theologian and church historian (1799-1890). [171] _Spanish Atrides, Romancero, Works_, ed. 1905, pp. 200-04. [172] ~Henry of Trastamare~. King of Castile (1369-79). PAGE 137 [173] ~garbanzos~. A kind of pulse much esteemed in Spain. PAGE 138