To these three periods the Rajah has since added a fourth, and that the longest of all, during which, as occasion served, a great deal has been done to extinguish the lingering sparks of intertribal hostility. There are occasional outbreaks among the Dyaks of the interior, and head-hunting still survives where natives think there is a chance of escaping detection and consequent punishment. But, happily, these are getting more and more rare, and do not affect the prosperity or trade of the country. The method employed by the present Rajah to suppress head-hunting is best described in his own words: “As soon as ever one of these parties started, or even listened to birds of omen preparatory to moving, a party was immediately despatched by Government to endeavour to cut them off, and to fine them heavily on their return; or, in the event of their bringing heads, to demand the delivery up of them, and the payment of a fine into the bargain. This was the steady and unflinching work of years, but before many months were over my stock of heads became numerous, and the fines considerable. Some refused to pay or follow the directions of the Government. These were declared enemies, and had their houses burnt down forthwith, and the people who followed me to do the work would be the Dyaks of some other branch-tribe on the same river.” The natives of Sarawak owe much to the Brookes. The work, nobly begun by Sir James Brooke, has been ably carried on by the present Rajah. To use his own words: “He as founder, and myself as builder, of the State have been one in our policy throughout, from the beginning up to the present time; and now shortly I have to hand it to my son, and I hope that his policy may not be far removed from that of his predecessors.” CHAPTER II THE DYAKS The word “Dyak”—Other native races in Sarawak—_Milanaus_— _Kayans_—_Kinyehs_—Cruelty—_Ukits_—_Bukitans_—_Punans_— _Seru_—Sea Dyaks—Land Dyaks—The appearance of the Sea Dyak—Men’s dress—Tattooing—Women’s dress-_Rawai_, or corset—The teeth—Depilation—Language. The derivation of the word “Dyak” is uncertain. Some think it is derived from _daya_, which in the Brunei Malay dialect means “inland,” “interior.” Others derive it from the Land Dyak word _daya_, which means “a man.” Whatever may be the derivation, it is quite incorrect to apply it to all the inland races of Borneo. There are many tribes, such as the _Kayans_, _Muruts_, _Ukits_, and _Punans_, who are not Dyaks at all, their language, customs, and traditions being quite different. Before describing the Dyaks, some mention must be made of the other native races to be found in Sarawak. They are the _Milanaus_, _Kayans_, _Kinyehs_, _Muruts_, _Ukits_, _Bukitans_, _Punans_, and _Seru_.