Sex variant women in literature : $b A historical and quantitative surveyFoster, Jeannette H. (Jeannette Howard)
General
Sex variant women in literature : $b A historical and quantitative survey
Foster, Jeannette H. (Jeannette Howard)
Lesbians in literature; Sex in literature; Women in literature
To return once more to France, during 1896 the _Mercure de France_
carried serially Remy de Gourmont’s _Le Songe d’une Femme_, a work of
higher quality than any since James’s _The Bostonians_. In the form of
correspondence among some dozen persons it presents an exhaustive
analysis of what constitutes a satisfactory sexual relationship. The
central figures are a sensitive intellectual, Paul; a simple, sensuous,
and radiantly happy Annette; and a fascinating but physically inhibited
Claude whose emotional pattern closely resembles that of Mlle Tantale
without being similarly accounted for. Claude is married and has also
experimented sexually with an artist for whom she posed in the nude, but
she has never achieved satisfaction. She exerts an irresistible charm
over women but has found relations with them equally unrewarding. For a
time she falls under the spell of Annette’s open-hearted warmth, but
Annette scorns lesbianism as childish. Claude dreams of a perfect love
which will be more than fleshly, and for a time she is hopeful of
realizing her ideal with Paul. During what might be called a
probationary period she holds him captive by giving him “all her
thoughts,” and permitting generous caresses without complete surrender.
Paul has cherished a similar dream and has found Annette too exclusively
sensual. In the end, however, he abandons Claude for the simple and more
“natural” woman. Claude, he finds, can bring happiness to no one, not
even herself. The implication is that for anyone who seeks romantic
perfection all love must end in failure—a direct echo from Baudelaire.
De Gourmont’s title pronounces such an ideal typically feminine: a
woman’s dream.
The last important negative item before 1900 was Henry James’s “The Turn
of the Screw” (1898). If his delineation in 1885 of the Bostonian Olive
Chancellor was moderate enough to leave critics dubious whether he
intended her as a lesbian, there is nothing ambiguous in his later
story. In one of his letters, James himself says that his intention was
to give “the impression of ... the most infernal imaginable evil and
danger.”[31] In this novelette, an innocent young governess goes to a
remote English country estate to take charge of two orphans, a boy of
ten and a girl of eight. The children’s precocious beauty and charm
strike her at once as more than normal, and apprehension dawns with her
learning that the boy has been expelled from his school for reasons
carefully evaded in the letter of dismissal.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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