Sex variant women in literature : $b A historical and quantitative surveyFoster, Jeannette H. (Jeannette Howard)
General
Sex variant women in literature : $b A historical and quantitative survey
Foster, Jeannette H. (Jeannette Howard)
Lesbians in literature; Sex in literature; Women in literature
In the same year that Hille’s work appeared in print a lesser lyrist,
Ernst Stadler, then only twenty, published in _Das Magazin für
Literatur_ a poetic drama, “Freundinnen.”[43] It presents the
culmination of an ardent friendship between Sylvia and Bianca, one
fifteen, the other eighteen, in their mutual awareness of passion under
the spell of a full summer moon, but it does not have specific lesbian
implications.
A second woman poet, more restrained than Madeleine, is Toni Schwabe,
whose _Komm kühle Nacht_ appeared in 1909. Its first group of “Lieder”
celebrates the loss of a male lover remembered with bitterness, for his
ruthless passion threatened the girl’s life and destroyed her love. The
poet sees ahead no feminine happiness, no home or children—a brief
cradle song speaks of a child abandoned to others’ care while the singer
roams the world, a slave to desire—but only ‘a mad riot of roses and
dancing’ and the brief ecstasy that comes with night and dies at dawn.
(Dowson’s _Cynara_, written in the nineties, “I have ... gone with the
wind, Flung roses, roses, riotously with the throng Dancing ...” comes
inevitably to mind.)
A later group of sonnets are like Louise Labé’s in concealing the sex of
the beloved, but are aggressive and masculine in mood. A “Lied der
Bilitis an Mnasidika” borrows the most fervent of Louÿs’s lesbian
episodes, and some pages of “Translations from the Danish,” said to be
of Schwabe’s own composition, begin with two “Songs to Lenore.” The
first poem in “Die Stadt mit lichten Türmen” is a dream in which a young
count bears the singer into a beech wood and tries futilely to possess
her, never divining that only her ‘smiling pity’ prevents her from
dealing him a death blow. Probably the most typical mood of the whole
volume is represented in “Nie traf ich einen,” in which she says that
‘no one has ever curbed me with the bridle of love. Where I was
weaker I refused myself altogether.... I have caressed only those who
craved my love and wanted my violence, and them I have contrived to
satisfy and to make dependent upon me. Me—me alone no one can succor,
for though I have known every kind of love, no one has ever truly
possessed me, made me surrender.’[44]
This is exactly the mood of Rachilde’s and Schreiner’s heroines and of
Barney’s poems.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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