Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616 -- Stage history; Theater -- England
With regard to the "Poetaster," it is now generally admitted that there is
no evidence to support the assertion that, at the time this satirical play
was written, its author was on bad terms with Shakespeare. In it Jonson
announced his next production to be a tragedy, and in 1603 "Sejanus"
followed at the Globe; Shakespeare was in the cast, and may have been also
a collaborator. But the failure of this tragedy to please the patrons of
the Globe may have led to a temporary estrangement from that theatre, for
Jonson did not undervalue himself or forget that Chapman, as Mr. Acheson
has clearly shown, was always a bitter opponent of Shakespeare, while it
was characteristic of Jonson himself to be equally ready to defend or to
quarrel with friends. Now in the "Poetaster" Jonson refers to Chapman and
to his "divine" Homer, as, for instance, when he makes the father of Ovid
say: "Ay, your god of poets there, whom all of you admire and reverence so
much, Homer, he whose worm-eaten statue must not be spewed against but
with hallowed lips and grovelling adoration, what was he? What was he?...
You'll tell me his name shall live; and that, now being dead, his works
have eternized him and made him divine" (Act I., Scene 1.) Again, the
incident of the gods' banquet, although it is modelled by Ben Jonson upon
the synod of the Iliad, is obviously a satire upon Chapman's ecstatic
admiration for Homer's heroes. It may also refer to Shakespeare's "Troilus
and Cressida," for if this comedy was acted in 1598 it might well have
been suppressed after its first performance, since to the groundlings it
must have been "caviare," and to Chapman's allies, the scholars, a
malicious piece of "ignorance and impiety," while the Court would have
been sure to take offence at the Essex incidents. Besides Jonson, in the
"Poetaster," seems to be defending someone from attacks who has dared to
laugh at Chapman's idol. This appears in such witty expressions as "Gods
may grow impudent in iniquity, and they must not be told of it" ... "So
now we may play the fool by authority" ... "What, shall the king of gods
turn the king of good fellows, and have no fellow in wickedness? This
makes our poets that know our profaneness live as profane as we" (Act IV.,
Scene 3.) Continually in this play is Jonson attacking Chapman for the
same reason that Shakespeare did, and, more than this, Jonson proclaims
that the poet Virgil is as much entitled to be regarded "divine" as Homer,
while the word "divine" is seized hold of for further satire in the
remark, "Well said, my divine deft Horace."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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