[10] In his book, “Bodily Changes produced by Fear, Pain, Hunger and Rage,” Professor Cannon has given a striking demonstration of the importance of emotion in producing such bodily disturbances. [11] Capt. Wiltshire, as a result of recent experience near the firing line in France thinks that the men’s accounts of the duration of unconsciousness are often exaggerated, owing to their faulty memory of the time at which it occurred. He also says that in his opinion the actual individual shell-shock which prostrates the man is but the final precipitating cause. (_Op. cit._, p. 1207.) [12] This fact is in danger of being overlooked by members of the public whose knowledge of “shock” is obtained from the newspaper reports. [13] R. G. Rows, _op. cit._, p. 441. [14] For particulars of these hospitals, see W. Aldren Turner’s Report, _Lancet_, May 27th, 1916, p. 1073. The reports published in the special war numbers of the _Revue Neurologique_ (and especially Nos. 23, 24, November and December, 1915) bear ample testimony to the magnificent work being done by the French in this direction. Not only has special provision been made in each military district for dealing with neurological and mental cases, but also admirable accounts of the work are being published, and those responsible for the care of such patients have been afforded many opportunities for discussing their difficulties and learning from each other. [15] Or “seeking conscious and rational grounds for actions” (and beliefs) “whose motives are largely unconscious and perhaps irrational.” (A description borrowed from Burt’s article, _q. v._) [16] On pp. 12, 13. [17] (and, obviously, the same may be said of not a few ‘scientific’ beliefs.) [18] _Principles of Psychology_, II., 283-324. [19] The opinions of Dr. Bedford Pierce upon this matter are highly important. _British Medical Journal_, January 8th, 1916, p. 4. [20] Our personal experience has been of privates and non-commissioned officers only, but there is no _a priori_ reason for supposing that these remarks do not apply to the commissioned ranks. It has been found that in the French Army the cases of neurasthenia amongst officers have been very numerous. [21] “Hysterie und Kriegsdienst” (Hysteria and War Service), _Münchener Medizinische Wochenschrift_, March 16th, 1915. [22] The translation is very free, but it fairly represents the sense of the German original. [23] From a leading article on “War-Shock and its Treatment,” in the _Manchester Guardian_. CHAPTER II. Treatment.