This last consideration leads us to the examination of another potent factor in the present situation, _viz._:— _The Attitude of the Medical Profession._ When it is remembered that mental factors play an important rôle in the causation and continuance not only of obviously mental disorder but also of bodily troubles, and that therefore successful diagnosis and treatment must inevitably take these factors into account, it may seem remarkable that the medical profession as a whole should take so little interest in, and know so little of psychology. Even when the psychological aspect of their problems becomes the outstanding element in diagnosis and treatment, the vast majority of medical practitioners show little or no inclination to satisfy their scientific curiosity and to endeavour to understand the condition of their patients. But this attitude becomes more comprehensible, and in a certain measure more excusable, when we look into the courses of instruction provided for students in our medical schools. What training in psychiatry—to say nothing of psychology and psychopathology—have they received in the schools? How many hours have been spent in lectures or demonstrations upon mental diseases? And how has this modicum of time been spent? How many hours are devoted to actual _personal investigation_ of patients suffering from early mental disorder? All the instruction in such matters that our students get at present in most of the medical schools is given in a few hours during one term, when they visit an asylum where demonstrations are given of _advanced_ cases of mental disease: “melancholia,” “mania,” “dementia,” etc. Lest we may be accused of wild statements, let us quote again from the Medico-Psychological Association’s report. (The italics are ours.):— “... the attention given to mental diseases before qualification is much less than that given in many other countries. Owing to the absence of clinics, the medical student _has no opportunity of observing borderland or undeveloped cases_.” (p. 6.) “To this absence of teaching facilities is due the lack of knowledge of the general practitioner, who should be competent to recognise, and possibly to deal with, some of the earliest symptoms; _to this we owe the lack of real equipment in those who enter the lunacy service_.” (p. 21.)