On visiting the Kwapa, in the northeastern corner of Indian Territory, in
January, 1894, the author recorded the following, with the assistance of
Mrs Stafford, a full-blood Kwapa of about 90 years of age: Among the Hañka
gentes are the Hañ’ʞa tañʞa, Large Hañʞa or Mancka’ e’nikaci’ʞa, Crawfish
people; Wajiñʞa e’nikaci’ʞa, Small-bird people; Jiñ’ʞa e’nikaci’ʞa,
Small-bird people; Te ni’kaci’ʞa, Buffalo people, or Hañ’ʞa ji’ʞa, Small
Hañʞa; An’pan e’nikaci’ʞa, Elk people; Qid¢a’ e’nikaci’ʞa, Eagle people;
Tuqe’-nikaci’ʞa, Reddish-yellow Buffalo people; and Cañʞe’-nikaci’ʞa, Dog
(or Wolf?) people. Mrs Stafford knew that five gentes were not on the
Hañʞa side, three of them, Hu i´’nikaci’ʞa, Fish people, Ni’kia’ta
(meaning unknown), and Ke-ni’kaci’ʞa, Turtle people, being on the same
side; Mantu’ e’nikaci’ʞa, Lion people; and Ti’ju (answering to the Osage
Tsiɔu, the Kansa Tciju, and the Ponka Tcinju), meaning not obtained, which
last is extinct. Mrs Stafford could not tell on which side camped any of
the following gentes given by Vallière: Maqe, Wĕs‘ă, Wasa, Jawe, Mikaq‘e,
Mi, etc. The only persons capable of giving the needed information are
among those Kwapa who reside on Osage reservation. According to George
Redeagle and Buffalo Calf, two full-blood Quapaw, the Maqe-nikaci’ʞa,
Upper World people, were identical with the Wakanʇa e’nikaci’ʞa,
Thunder-being people, of Vallière. These two men said, also, that there
was no single gens known as the Hañʞa, that name belonging to a major
division, probably a half-tribe.
THE KAƝZE OR KANSA
[Illustration: FIG. 37.—Kansa camping circle.]
FIG. 37.—Kansa camping circle.
Among the Omaha the Yata people are those who camp on the yata or left
side of the tribal circle; the Ictŭñga people, those who camp on the
Ictŭñga or right side. The tribe is divided into seven phratries, or, as
the Kansa style each, wayunmindan, (i.e., those who sing together), as
follows:
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