Numerous foreign scientific societies, it is almost unnecessary to observe, were proud to claim the name of Sir William Flower on the list of their honorary members or associates. It is however by no means easy to give a complete list of these honourable distinctions, for Flower was not one who followed the fashion of adding every possible combination of letters to his name in every book or paper he wrote. Perhaps the most important of these distinctions was that of Foreign Correspondent of the Institute of France. Among other societies and academies to which he belonged, were those of the Netherlands, Sweden, and Belgium. Although Flower’s scientific writings are discussed at length in the later chapters of this memoir, it may be mentioned in this place that during the “eighties” he contributed an important series of articles to the ninth edition of the “Encyclopædia Britannica.” At the commencement of that great undertaking, although the article “Ape” was confided to the competent hands of the late Professor St. George Mivart, some of the other articles, such as the one on “Antelope,” were entrusted to writers who, whatever their other merits may have been, had certainly no claim to be regarded as specialists on the subject of mammals. It was not long before this was recognised by the publishers, who forthwith engaged for this section of the work the services of Flower, supplemented by those of the late Dr. Dobson and Mr. O. Thomas. Among the more important articles by Flower were those on the Horse, Kangaroo, Lemur, Lion, Mammalia (in co-operation with Dr. Dobson), Megatherium, Otter, Platypus, Rhinoceros, Seal, Tapir, and Whale. These and other articles, together with the one on Ape by Professor Mivart and several on the smaller mammals by Mr. Thomas, were subsequently combined and revised to form the basis of the _Study of Mammals Living and Extinct_, by Sir William Flower and the present writer, and was published by Messrs. A. & C. Black in 1891, which long formed the standard English work on the subject, although now, owing to the rapid progress in zoology and the great change which has taken place in nomenclature, is somewhat out of date. The excellent little volume on _The Horse_ in Sir John Lubbock’s (Lord Avebury) _Modern Science Series_, published in 1891, and the _Essays on Museums_ (1898), also appeared during this portion of Flower’s career.