The Churches of England and Scotland--"Tracts for the Times"--Newman, Keble, and Pusey--"Ten Years' Conflict" in Scotland--Disruption of the Church--Dr. Chalmers--Rise of the Free Church--Affairs of British India--First Sikh War--Battles of Meeanee, Moodkee, Ferozeshah, Aliwal and Sobraon--Second Sikh War--Murder of Vans Agnew and Anderson--Battle of Ramnuggur--Siege and Fall of Mooltan--Battles of Chilianwalla and Goojerat--Annexation of the Punjab. 41 CHAPTER V. 1846-1850. The Irish Famine--Smith O'Brien's Rebellion--Widow Cormack's Cabbages--The Special Commission--Revival of the Chartist Movement--The Monster Petition--Its Exposure and Collapse of the Movement--Revolutionary Movements in Britain compared with those in other Countries--Growing Affection for the Queen--Its Causes--Royal Visit to Ireland--The Pacifico Imbroglio--Rupture with France Imminent--_Civis Romanus Sum_--Lord Palmerston's Rise--Sir Robert Peel's Death--The Invention of Chloroform. 47 CHAPTER VI. 1849-1851. Prince Albert's Industry--His proposal for a Great Exhibition--Adoption of the Scheme--Competing Designs--Mr. Paxton's selected--Erection of the Crystal Palace--Colonel Sibthorp denounces the Scheme--Papal Titles in Great Britain--Popular Indignation--The Ecclesiastical Titles Bill--Defeat of Ministers on the Question of the Franchise--Difficulty in finding a Successor to Russell--He resumes Office--Opening of the Great Exhibition--Its success and close. 55 CHAPTER VII. 1851-1853. Louis Napoleon's Coup d'État--Condemned in the English Press--Lord Palmerston's Indiscretion Rebuked by the Queen--He Repeats it and is Removed from Office--Opening of the New Houses of Parliament--French Invasion Apprehended--Russell's Militia Bill--Defeat and Resignation of Ministers--The "Who? Who?" Cabinet--Death of the Duke of Wellington--His Funeral--The Haynau Incident--General Election--Disraeli's First Budget--Defeat and Resignation of Ministers--The Coalition Cabinet--Expansion of the British Colonies--Repeal of the Transportation Act. 63 CHAPTER VIII. 1853-1854. The "Sick Man"--Position of the Eastern Question--Projects of the Emperor Nicholas--The Custody of the Holy Places--Prince Menschikoff's Demand--Russian Invasion of Moldo-Wallachia--The Vienna Note--Declaration of War by the Porte--Destruction of the Turkish Fleet--Resignation of Lord Palmerston--Great Britain and France Declare War with Russia--State of the British Armaments. 73 CHAPTER IX. 1854-1856.