Slavery -- United States; United States -- Politics and government -- 1849-1853
But on the 17th of June, Mr. Webster, in the Senate, suggested a
qualification of his doctrine as laid down on the 7th of March,
viz., that “every foot of territory of the United States has a fixed
character for slavery.” An uncertainty as to the boundary line between
New Mexico and Texas, gave rise to this qualification. “Let me say to
gentlemen,” said Mr. Webster, “that if any portion which they or I do
not believe to be Texas, should be considered to become Texas, then, so
far, that qualification of my remark is applicable.” (_Cong. Globe_,
31st Cong., 1st session, p. 1239.) That is, if the compromise bill
should so establish the boundary line between New Mexico and Texas,
as that “any portion [of New Mexico] which they or I [other gentlemen
or Mr. Webster,] do not believe to be Texas, should be considered to
become Texas,” then _as Texan territory_, it might lose its “fixed
character,” and become slave territory, notwithstanding the “ordinance
of Nature” and the “will of God,” to the contrary. But, strange to
say, on this same 17th of June, the Kennebec letter was written, which
carries the southern boundary of Mexico, on the east side of the Rio
Grande, four degrees below El Paso, and, of course, includes all that
region within New Mexico, and therefore within the “ordinance of
Nature” and the “will of God!” So that, after all, he acknowledges
that the “ordinance of Nature” and the “will of God,” as he expounds
them, may be overridden by the laws of Texas;--in which view he is
undoubtedly right.
But his citation of authorities is among the most surprising of all
his aberrations from fact. He first quotes Major Gaines, who, as he
says, “traversed a part of this country during the Mexican war.” By
“this country,” I suppose he means New Mexico. If he does not mean New
Mexico, then the citation has no relation to the subject. If he does
mean New Mexico, then he asserts what is untrue. Major Gaines did not
go within four or five hundred miles of New Mexico during the war; and
if the quotation from him was designed to create the belief that, in
what Major Gaines said, he was speaking of New Mexico, it was as gross
an imposition as could well be made.
The next citation is from Colonel Hardin. Two sentences are taken. I
transcribe the first with Mr. Webster’s italics.
_“The whole country is miserably watered; large districts have no
water at all. The streams are small, and at great distances apart._
One day we marched on the road from Monclova to Parras, _thirty-five
miles, without water_; a pretty severe day’s march for infantry.”
And what country does this describe?
“From Monclova to Parras, thirty-five miles”! says Colonel Hardin. And
where is Monclova? Away down south, in Coahuila, hundreds of miles from
any part of New Mexico.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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