Slavery -- United States; United States -- Politics and government -- 1849-1853
I need not remind you of the law regulating the investment of capital.
It will always go where, under all circumstances, it will yield the
greatest return to the owner. Upon this principle I am very clear,
that slave labor, if unrestricted, could be employed in Oregon, with
at least double the profit to the owner of the slave that it now
yields in any state of the Union. I am uninformed as to the usual
price of slave labor in the states, but the price paid to Indians in
Oregon during the past year, for labor, has ranged from two to three
dollars per day. Domestic negro servants, whether male or female,
who understand the business of housework, would command, _readily_,
five or six hundred dollars a year. I recollect well that there was a
mulatto man on board the vessel in which I took passage from Oregon to
San Francisco, who was paid _one hundred and eighty_ dollars per month
for his services as cook. I will not stop to particularize further,
in regard to the inducements Oregon would offer to unrestricted slave
labor, but will simply add, that a very large number of slaves might
now be employed in Oregon at annual wages sufficiently large to
purchase their freedom. I think, therefore, that the point is settled
so far as Oregon is concerned, and that slave labor, if it had been
left free to seek profitable employment, would readily find its way to
that territory.
As to California, I am equally clear. California will always be a
mining country, and wages will range high. At present, slave labor in
California would be more profitable than in Oregon. And I have always
been of the opinion, that wherever there is a mining country, if not
in a climate uncongenial to slave labor, that species of labor would
be profitable. That it would be in the California mines, is evident.
A good able-bodied slave would have commanded, in California, during
the past year, from eight to ten hundred dollars per annum. When it
is recollected that one hundred dollars per annum, upon an average,
is considered a good compensation for their labor in the Southern
States, it is idle, in my judgment, to contend that slaves would not
be carried to the California market, if protected by law.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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