SLEEP AND ITS DERANGEMENTS. SLEEP AND ITS DERANGEMENTS. BY WILLIAM A. HAMMOND, M.D., PROFESSOR OF DISEASES OF THE MIND AND NERVOUS SYSTEM, AND OF CLINICAL MEDICINE IN THE BELLEVUE HOSPITAL MEDICAL COLLEGE, NEW YORK; VICE-PRESIDENT OF THE ACADEMY OF THE MEDICAL SCIENCES, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF LETTERS, ARTS, AND SCIENCES; LATE SURGEON-GENERAL U. S. ARMY, ETC. ETC. PHILADELPHIA: J. B. LIPPINCOTT & CO. 1869. Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1869, by J. B. LIPPINCOTT & CO., In the Clerk’s Office of the District Court of the United States for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. PREFACE. The basis of this little volume is a paper on Insomnia, published in the New York Medical Journal in May and June, 1865. This was subsequently enlarged and published in a separate form, under the title “Wakefulness, with an Introductory Chapter on the Physiology of Sleep.” The very favorable reception which it met with in this country, in Great Britain, and on the Continent, from the medical press, the profession, and the public generally, led to the exhaustion of a large edition in a few months. The present issue was announced nearly two years ago, and the printing begun. Increasing professional duties have, however, prevented me bestowing that continuous labor upon it which was desirable, and hence the publication has been long delayed. My apologies therefore are due, first, to my excellent and dear friend, the senior member of the house of J. B. Lippincott & Co., whose patience I know has been severely tried, but who has scarcely reproached me for my neglect; and second, to that portion of the public which has been kind enough to make repeated inquiries relative to the appearance of this monograph, and which I trust will not be disappointed, now that it is really published. 162 WEST 34TH ST., NEW YORK, _July 10th, 1869_. CONTENTS. PAGE CHAPTER I. The Necessity for Sleep 9 CHAPTER II. The Causes of Sleep 18 CHAPTER III. The Physical Phenomena of Sleep 52 CHAPTER IV. The State of the Mind during Sleep 62 CHAPTER V. The Physiology of Dreams 107 CHAPTER VI. Morbid Dreams 147 CHAPTER VII. Somnambulism 192 CHAPTER VIII. The Pathology of Wakefulness 222 CHAPTER IX. The Exciting Causes of Wakefulness 240 CHAPTER X. The Treatment of Wakefulness 278 CHAPTER XI. Somnolence 288 CHAPTER XII. Somnolentia, or Sleep Drunkenness 304 APPENDIX 317 SLEEP AND ITS DERANGEMENTS. CHAPTER I. THE NECESSITY FOR SLEEP.