[Footnote 370: "Coli rura ab ergastulis pessimum est et quicquid agitur a desperantibus," wrote Pliny (_Nat. Hist_. xviii. 36) in the famous passage about latifundia.] [Footnote 371: _R.R._ i. 17.] [Footnote 372: See some excellent remarks on this subject in _Ecce Homo_, towards the end of ch. xii. ("Universality of the Christian Republic ").] [Footnote 373: _The Slave Power_, ch. v., and especially p. 374 foll. A living picture of the mean white may be found in Mark Twain's _Huckleberry Finn_, drawn from his own early experience, particularly in ch. xxi.] [Footnote 374: "Regum nobis induimus animos," wrote Seneca in a well-known letter about the claims of slaves as human beings, _Ep_. 47.] [Footnote 375: _Life in Ancient Athens_, p. 55.] [Footnote 376: For this view of the Lar see Wissowa, _Religion und Kultus der Römer_, p. 148 foll.; and a note by the author in _Archiv fur Religionswissenschaft_, 1906, p. 529.] [Footnote 377: _Fasti_, vi. 299.] [Footnote 378: Cato, _R.R._, ch. ii. init.; Horace, _Epode_ 2. 65; _Sat_. ii. 6. 65.] [Footnote 379: _Romische Religion_, p. 214.] [Footnote 380: Or lectulus adversus, i.e. opposite the door; Ascon. ed. Clark, p. 43, a good passage for the contents of an atrium.] [Footnote 381: See Mau's _Pompeii_, p. 248.] [Footnote 382: Mau, _Pompeii_, p. 240.] [Footnote 383: The extent to which this could be carried can be guessed from Sall. _Cat._ 12.] [Footnote 384: Quintus Cicero, growing rich with Caesar in Gaul, had a fancy for a domus suburbana: Cic. _ad Q. Fr._ iii. I. 7. Marcus tells his brother in this letter that he himself had no great fancy for such a residence, and that his house on the Palatine had all the charm of such a suburbana. His villa at Tusculum, as we shall see, served the purpose of a house close to the city.] [Footnote 385: A great number of passages about the noise and crowds of Rome are collected in Mayor's _Notes to Juvenal_, pp. 173, 203, 207.] [Footnote 386: Some interesting remarks on the general aspect of the city will be found in the concluding chapter of Lanciani's _Ruins and Excavations_. For the bore elsewhere than in Rome, see below, p. 256.] [Footnote 387: _ad Fam_. ii. 12: "Urbem, Urbem, mi Rufe, cole, et in ista luce viva Omnis peregrinatio (foreign travel) obscura et sordida est iis, quorum industria Roma potest illustris esse," etc.] [Footnote 388: Lucr. ii. 22 foll.; iii. 1060 foll. Cp. Seneca, _Ep._ 69: "Frequens migratio instabilis animi est!"] [Footnote 389: _de Oratore_, ii. 22.] [Footnote 390: These houses, with the coast on which they stood, have long sunk into the sea, and we are only now, thanks to the perseverance of Mr. R.T. Günther of Magdalen College, realising their position and former magnificence. See his volume on _Earth Movements in the Bay of Naples_.] [Footnote 391: See Cic. _pro Caelio_, §§ 48-50.] [Footnote 392: _Cicero's Villen_, Leipzig, 1889.] [Footnote 393: Varro, _R.R._ iii. 13.]