THE PEA-WEEVIL 258 CHAPTER XIX AN INVADER: THE HARICOT-WEEVIL 282 CHAPTER XX THE GREY LOCUST 300 CHAPTER XXI THE PINE-CHAFER 317 ILLUSTRATIONS THE MANTIS: A DUEL BETWEEN FEMALES; DEVOURING A CRICKET; DEVOURING HER MATE; IN HER ATTITUDE OF PRAYER; IN HER "SPECTRAL" ATTITUDE _Frontispiece_ DURING THE DROUGHTS OF SUMMER THIRSTING INSECTS, AND NOTABLY THE ANT, FLOCK TO THE DRINKING-PLACES OF THE CIGALE 8 THE CIGALE AND THE EMPTY PUPA-SKIN 28 THE ADULT CIGALE, FROM BELOW. THE CIGALE OF THE FLOWERING ASH, MALE AND FEMALE 36 THE CIGALE LAYING HER EGGS. THE GREEN GRASSHOPPER, THE FALSE CIGALE OF THE NORTH, DEVOURING THE TRUE CIGALE, A DWELLER IN THE SOUTH 48 THE NEST OF THE PRAYING MANTIS; TRANSVERSE SECTION OF THE SAME; NEST OF EMPUSA PAUPERATA; TRANSVERSE SECTION OF THE SAME; VERTICAL SECTION OF THE SAME; NEST OF THE GREY MANTIS; SCHEFFER'S SISYPHUS (see Chap. XII.); PELLET OF THE SISYPHUS; PELLET OF THE SISYPHUS, WITH DEJECTA OF THE LARVA FORCED THROUGH THE WALLS 88 THE MANTIS DEVOURING THE MALE IN THE ACT OF MATING; THE MANTIS COMPLETING HER NEST; GOLDEN SCARABAEI CUTTING UP A LOB-WORM 90 THE GOLDEN GARDENER: THE MATING SEASON OVER, THE MALES ARE EVISCERATED BY THE FEMALES 114 THE FIELD-CRICKET: A DUEL BETWEEN RIVALS; THE DEFEATED RIVAL RETIRES, INSULTED BY THE VICTOR 124 THE ITALIAN CRICKET 132 THE GREAT PEACOCK OR EMPEROR MOTH 180 THE GREAT PEACOCK MOTH. THE PILGRIMS DIVERTED BY THE LIGHT OF A LAMP 196 THE GREY LOCUST; THE NERVATURES OF THE WING; THE BALANINUS FALLEN A VICTIM TO THE LENGTH OF HER PROBOSCIS 244 THE PINE-CHAFER (_MELOLONTHA FULLO_) 318 SOCIAL LIFE IN THE INSECT WORLD CHAPTER I THE FABLE OF THE CIGALE AND THE ANT Fame is the daughter of Legend. In the world of creatures, as in the world of men, the story precedes and outlives history. There are many instances of the fact that if an insect attract our attention for this reason or that, it is given a place in those legends of the people whose last care is truth.