[Footnote 15: The Mura Mura appear really to answer to the fabled ancestors of the Arunta, but are addressed in prayers. Cf. Miss Howitt, _Folk Lore_, January 1903.] [Footnote 16: Tylor, _Remarks on Totemism_, p. 134.] [Footnote 17: So also to explain the crest of the Hamiltons, the Skenes, and many others.] [Footnote 18: Frazer, _Totemism_, p. 7.] [Footnote 19: Hose and McDougall, _J. A. I._ xxxi. 193, 1901.] [Footnote 20: _Custom and Myth_, p. 262.] [Footnote 21: _Contributions to the Science of Mythology_, i. 201.] [Footnote 22: _The Principles of Sociology_, i. 362, 1876.] [Footnote 23: The whole passage will be found in the work cited. Vol. i. 359-368.] [Footnote 24: I am haunted by the impression that I have met examples, but where I know not.] [Footnote 25: Howitt, _Journal of the Anthropological Institute_, xviii. 58.] [Footnote 26: _Golden Bough_, iii. 416, note 3.] [Footnote 27: It is possible that I have failed to understand the mode of reconciling the two hypotheses, and Mr. Frazer is not to be understood as committed to either or both in the present state of our information.] [Footnote 28: _Kamilaroi and Kurnai_, p. 280.] [Footnote 29: _J. A. I._ xiii. 191, note 1.] [Footnote 30: Tylor, _Remarks on Totemism_, pp. 146-147, 1898.] [Footnote 31: _The Import of the Totem_, by Alice C. Fletcher, Salem Press, Mass., 1897.] [Footnote 32: _Op. cit._ p. 12.] [Footnote 33: ‘The Origin of the Totemism of the Inhabitants of British Columbia,’ _Transactions of Royal Society of Canada_, second series, vol. vii., 1901-1902. Quaritch, London.] [Footnote 34: _J. A. I._ xxxi. 196, _et seq._] [Footnote 35: _Golden Bough_, iii. 419, note 5.] [Footnote 36: _Hose and McDougall_, _op. cit._ p. 211.] [Footnote 37: Mr. Haddon’s theory involves the existence of barter between groups that had special articles of food. Under ‘Hypothetical early groups’ I show proof of the extreme hostility of adjacent groups in some regions. The merchant, with his articles of barter, would there himself be eaten. Mr. Atkinson’s cook was eaten by his neighbours. Mr. Haddon does not hold that the primitive human groups were thus mutually hostile. Here we differ in opinion.] [Footnote 38: _J. A. I._ xiii.; Folk Lore, 10, 491.] [Footnote 39: Macbain, _Etymological Dictionary_, 1896, quoting manuscript of 1456.] [Footnote 40: _Descent of Man_, ii. 362.] [Footnote 41: _Studies in Ancient History_, second series, p. 50.] [Footnote 42: This is the opinion not only of Mr. Darwin but of Major Powell and Mr. McGee.] [Footnote 43: Spencer and Gillen, p. 57, note.] [Footnote 44: _J. A. I._ May 1897, p. 181.] [Footnote 45: _Blason Populaire de la France_, p. 5. Paris, Cerf, 1884.] [Footnote 46: Pseudonyms were given to avoid arousing local attention, when I put forth these facts in _The Athenæum_. For reasons, I retain the pseudonyms; but for the real village names see p. 173, note 1.] [Footnote 47: Some objections are noticed later.]