"Few coffee planters have anywhere near a reasonable amount of their
land under cultivation for the reason that with the poor help and
methods now existent they are unable to extend their plant. The regular
labor, employed all the year round, the peons--who form a relatively
small percentage of the entire number available for work--are paid for a
full day's work, and their degree of anemia is such as to prevent their
doing but about 50 per cent of what they are paid for doing. Our
estimate of the relative efficiency of labor was made from what the
planter himself told us and by a simple experiment which we tried upon
about 500 adult workers in different parts of the interior. We
questioned each one as to the amount of coffee he could pick in a day
and found that from two to three _almudes_ was the utmost the majority
could do, and that one _almud_ was too much for many. Some stated that
after picking a sack full in a remote part of the plantation they were
unable to get it in to the mill without a mule, on account of the fact
that their limbs refused to bear them up. When these people were working
at light work, and at a time when the more they picked, the greater the
profit to themselves, is it reasonable to suppose that when working for
a wage without this incentive this 50 or 60 per cent labor would be any
more efficient? This reduction in laboring capacity demonstrates what a
heavy toll is paid by both employer and employee to uncinariasis in
Porto Rico.
"As to absentee landlords, Weyl says:
'Many of the absentee owners of Porto Rican properties and many of
their agents in Porto Rico consider the island and its population
as equally fit for the crassest exploitation, and are as
contemptuous of the people as they are enthusiastic about the
island. The current use by many Americans of an opprobrious epithet
for Porto Ricans bespeaks an attitude which takes no account of the
human phase of the problem, but considers the population as
composed merely of so many laborers willing to work for such and
such a price.'
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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