[48] For a valuable dissertation, to which the present writer is much indebted on this subject, see A. J. Ogilvy--_Westminster Review_, 1891. Vol. 136, pp. 289 to 297. [49] W. Cunningham on the Malthusian theory--_Macmillan's Magazine_, Dec. 1883. [50] In addition to the published official statistics from which the above facts and figures are taken, the writer is indebted to the Registrar-General for much useful information, and to Mr G. Shaw-Lefevre for further friendly help. [51] See Molesworth's _History of England_. Vol. i. p. 90 and fg. [52] Commons Journal, xci. 319. [53] In the Upper House, there is perhaps no one to whom the classics are more familiar as literature than Lord Morley. [54] For nearly all the details as to the structural arrangements of the two Houses of Parliament, and to the particulars of what may be called their social life, the writer desires to express his grateful acknowledgments to Mr Archibald Milman, C.B., a Clerk of the House of Commons. On other parliamentary points, he is not less indebted to Sir Charles Dilke, and to many more Members of Parliament, only a few of whom now survive. [55] See the following extract from the _Daily News_, Dec. 16, 1896:-- MR GLADSTONE ON PARLIAMENTARY CHANGES.--Mr Gladstone having read an article in the _Westminster Review_ entitled 'The Old M.P. and the New,' by George A. B. Dewar, writes that, speaking from recollection, he thinks there were not five members of the Conservative party in 1835 who sat in the House of Commons by reason of their connection with trade or industry. He describes the change which has come about in the composition of the party since then as 'simply marvellous.' [56] 'It is the Queen's doing,' is the statement of the newspapers of that year; but seems to apply not to the dismissal of Lord Grey, but of Lord Melbourne who had followed him. [57] The reference to Lord Palmerston and the _Morning Post_ is historical. [58] It might be argued of course with much plausibility that this order of things has begun long since, and that, the verbal distinction notwithstanding, government by party has always, from another point of view been government by groups. [59] This (1701) followed the Kentish petition to the Commons protesting against distrust of the King, and desiring that the addresses of the loyal petitioners might be turned into Bills of Supply. [60] Sir Theodore Martin's 'Life,' chapter i. These references are in all cases to the People's Edition. [61] 'Life,' p. 11.